Edad mediana por país 2026

Perspectivas de Población Mundial de la ONU, revisión 2024 (variante media)

La edad mediana divide a una población en dos mitades iguales, una más joven y otra más vieja; es el indicador más claro de si un país es joven o viejo.

  • 200 países y territorios clasificados
  • El más alto: Mónaco
  • El más bajo: República Centroafricana

Descargar esta tabla en Excel (.xlsx)

Posición País Edad medianaRegión0-14 años %15-64 años %65+ años %Forma de la pirámide
1 Mónaco 54.1 Europa 14.1% 50.0% 35.9% Constrictive
2 Japón 51.1 Asia 11.0% 58.8% 30.2% Constrictive
3 Martinica 51.0 LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 14.5% 58.1% 27.4% Constrictive
4 Italia 49.6 Europa 11.4% 63.0% 25.6% Constrictive
5 Hong Kong 49.0 Asia 10.0% 65.3% 24.7% Constrictive
6 Guadalupe (Francia) 48.4 LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 15.9% 58.6% 25.5% Constrictive
7 Portugal 48.1 Europa 12.6% 62.0% 25.4% Constrictive
8 Grecia 48.1 Europa 12.6% 62.7% 24.7% Constrictive
9 Corea del Sur 47.3 Asia 9.8% 68.7% 21.4% Constrictive
10 Puerto Rico 47.2 LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 10.9% 63.3% 25.8% Constrictive
11 España 47.2 Europa 12.3% 65.5% 22.2% Constrictive
12 Bosnia-Herzegovina 47.1 Europa 12.7% 63.8% 23.5% Constrictive
13 Alemania 46.8 Europa 13.9% 61.9% 24.2% Constrictive
14 Croacia 46.5 Europa 13.5% 62.5% 24.0% Constrictive
15 Bulgaria 46.0 Europa 14.3% 63.2% 22.5% Constrictive
16 Eslovenia 46.0 Europa 14.2% 63.1% 22.7% Constrictive
17 Islas Vírgenes de los Estados Unidos 45.9 LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 16.4% 60.0% 23.6% Constrictive
18 Serbia 45.6 Europa 14.2% 62.4% 23.4% Constrictive
19 República Checa 45.2 Europa 14.8% 63.7% 21.4% Constrictive
20 Hungría 45.1 Europa 14.3% 64.4% 21.3% Constrictive
21 Letonia 44.9 Europa 15.0% 62.4% 22.7% Constrictive
22 Austria 44.9 Europa 14.1% 64.3% 21.6% Constrictive
23 Rumania 44.4 Europa 15.4% 64.3% 20.2% Constrictive
24 Finlandia 44.4 Europa 14.0% 61.4% 24.5% Constrictive
25 Estonia 44.2 Europa 14.9% 62.8% 22.3% Constrictive
26 Suiza 44.2 Europa 14.8% 64.3% 20.9% Constrictive
27 Polonia 44.0 Europa 14.1% 64.6% 21.3% Constrictive
28 Eslovaquia 43.8 Europa 15.4% 65.1% 19.5% Constrictive
29 Lituania 43.7 Europa 14.3% 64.4% 21.3% Constrictive
30 Cuba 43.6 LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 14.7% 67.7% 17.6% Constrictive
31 Francia 43.4 Europa 16.0% 61.1% 22.9% Constrictive
32 Bélgica 43.1 Europa 15.4% 63.2% 21.4% Constrictive
33 Ucrania 42.9 Europa 13.4% 67.5% 19.1% Constrictive
34 Bielorrusia 42.8 Europa 15.5% 65.7% 18.9% Constrictive
35 Aruba 42.7 LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 16.2% 65.3% 18.5% Constrictive
36 Países Bajos 42.6 Europa 14.9% 63.9% 21.3% Constrictive
37 Malta 42.5 Europa 12.8% 66.3% 20.9% Constrictive
38 República de Macedonia 42.4 Europa 16.2% 64.8% 19.0% Constrictive
39 Dinamarca 42.4 Europa 15.5% 63.1% 21.4% Constrictive
40 Tailandia 41.9 Asia 14.1% 69.2% 16.7% Constrictive
41 Canadá 41.9 NORTHERN AMERICA 14.9% 64.4% 20.7% Constrictive
42 Rusia 41.8 Europa 16.7% 64.9% 18.4% Constrictive
43 China 41.7 Asia 14.8% 70.1% 15.1% Constrictive
44 Suecia 41.5 Europa 16.4% 62.5% 21.1% Constrictive
45 Macao 41.4 Asia 13.4% 70.6% 15.9% Constrictive
46 Montenegro 41.4 Europa 17.7% 63.6% 18.8% Constrictive
47 Reino Unido 41.2 Europa 16.7% 63.3% 19.9% Constrictive
48 Noruega 41.1 Europa 15.7% 64.9% 19.4% Constrictive
49 Luxemburgo 40.8 Europa 15.7% 68.1% 16.2% Constrictive
50 Barbados 40.6 LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 16.9% 65.4% 17.6% Constrictive
51 Irlanda (isla) 40.2 Europa 17.6% 65.8% 16.5% Stationary
52 Chipre 40.1 Asia 16.0% 68.7% 15.3% Stationary
53 Moldavia 40.1 Europa 19.2% 63.3% 17.4% Expansive
54 Curazao 40.0 LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 14.2% 67.9% 17.8% Constrictive
55 Estados Unidos 39.7 NORTHERN AMERICA 16.9% 64.3% 18.8% Constrictive
56 Australia 39.5 Oceanía 17.5% 64.0% 18.5% Constrictive
57 Reunión (departamento de Francia) 39.4 África 20.2% 63.0% 16.9% Stationary
58 Mauricio 39.3 África 14.3% 71.0% 14.7% Constrictive
59 Trinidad y Tobago 39.2 LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 17.2% 69.3% 13.5% Stationary
60 Nueva Zelanda 39.0 Oceanía 17.6% 64.3% 18.0% Constrictive
61 Albania 38.9 Europa 16.3% 65.3% 18.3% Constrictive
62 Georgia (desambiguación) 38.6 Asia 20.2% 63.5% 16.4% Stationary
63 Chile 38.5 LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 16.1% 68.8% 15.1% Constrictive
64 Armenia 38.2 Asia 18.7% 66.1% 15.2% Stationary
65 Singapur 37.9 Asia 11.7% 73.5% 14.8% Constrictive
66 Corea del Norte 37.8 Asia 18.9% 68.1% 13.0% Stationary
67 Uruguay 37.8 LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 17.5% 66.0% 16.5% Constrictive
68 Islandia 37.7 Europa 17.3% 66.4% 16.3% Stationary
69 Antigua y Barbuda 37.7 LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 17.2% 69.9% 12.9% Constrictive
70 Polinesia Francesa 37.6 Oceanía 17.8% 69.6% 12.6% Constrictive
71 Bahamas 36.7 LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 17.2% 70.3% 12.4% Constrictive
72 Costa Rica 36.7 LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 17.8% 68.9% 13.3% Constrictive
73 Brasil 36.2 LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 19.1% 69.0% 11.9% Stationary
74 Santa Lucía 36.1 LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 17.1% 72.6% 10.3% Constrictive
75 Granada (país) 35.9 LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 18.6% 68.4% 13.0% Stationary
76 Kuwait 35.8 Asia 17.8% 79.0% 3.3% Stationary
77 Nueva Caledonia 35.8 Oceanía 20.9% 67.0% 12.1% Stationary
78 San Vicente y las Granadinas 35.7 LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 20.4% 66.9% 12.6% Stationary
79 Seychelles 35.6 África 19.6% 71.4% 9.0% Stationary
80 Irán 35.5 Asia 21.6% 69.5% 8.9% Stationary
81 Azerbaiyán 35.1 Asia 20.6% 69.6% 9.8% Stationary
82 Turquía 34.9 Asia 20.6% 68.5% 10.9% Stationary
83 Vietnam 34.9 Asia 22.4% 67.7% 9.9% Stationary
84 Sri Lanka 34.6 Asia 21.4% 65.8% 12.8% Stationary
85 Baréin 34.4 Asia 18.2% 77.7% 4.2% Constrictive
86 Maldivas 34.4 Asia 18.4% 76.3% 5.3% Stationary
87 Catar 34.4 Asia 15.0% 83.3% 1.7% Constrictive
88 Argentina 34.3 LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 20.4% 66.7% 12.9% Stationary
89 Jamaica 34.3 LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 17.9% 73.1% 9.0% Constrictive
90 Túnez 34.3 África 23.0% 66.6% 10.3% Stationary
91 Brunéi 34.2 Asia 20.4% 72.0% 7.6% Stationary
92 Colombia 34.0 LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 19.7% 69.6% 10.6% Constrictive
93 Sahara Occidental 33.8 África 22.7% 70.3% 7.0% Stationary
94 Guam 32.7 Oceanía 25.7% 60.7% 13.6% Expansive
95 Emiratos Árabes Unidos 32.6 Asia 15.9% 82.3% 1.8% Constrictive
96 Malasia 32.4 Asia 20.8% 70.8% 8.3% Constrictive
97 Bután 31.9 Asia 19.8% 73.4% 6.8% Constrictive
98 Indonesia 31.7 Asia 23.9% 68.3% 7.8% Stationary
99 Panamá 31.6 LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 24.1% 65.9% 10.0% Stationary
100 Perú 31.6 LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 23.3% 67.0% 9.7% Stationary
101 Birmania 31.4 Asia 23.9% 68.4% 7.7% Stationary
102 Marruecos 31.1 África 24.8% 66.5% 8.8% Stationary
103 México 31.0 LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 23.7% 67.5% 8.8% Stationary
104 Omán 30.8 Asia 24.0% 73.2% 2.7% Stationary
105 Ecuador 30.7 LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 23.3% 67.8% 8.9% Stationary
106 Kazajistán 30.7 Asia 28.9% 61.8% 9.3% Expansive
107 Arabia Saudita 30.6 Asia 23.4% 73.4% 3.2% Stationary
108 Venezuela 30.6 LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 24.3% 65.3% 10.4% Stationary
109 Cabo Verde 30.5 África 23.8% 68.7% 7.5% Stationary
110 Israel 30.3 Asia 26.9% 60.3% 12.8% Expansive
111 India 30.2 Asia 23.8% 68.6% 7.6% Stationary
112 Líbano 30.0 Asia 25.0% 64.3% 10.7% Stationary
113 Sudáfrica 29.9 África 25.6% 67.3% 7.1% Stationary
114 Surinam 29.9 LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 25.0% 66.4% 8.5% Stationary
115 Argelia 29.8 África 29.4% 63.5% 7.0% Expansive
116 República Dominicana 29.7 LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 25.8% 65.7% 8.5% Stationary
117 El Salvador 29.4 LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 24.0% 67.6% 8.5% Stationary
118 Fiyi 29.3 Oceanía 26.6% 66.6% 6.8% Stationary
119 Libia 29.1 África 26.2% 68.4% 5.4% Stationary
120 Belice 28.3 LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 26.0% 68.5% 5.4% Stationary
121 Paraguay 28.3 LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 28.1% 64.9% 6.9% Stationary
122 Turkmenistán 28.1 Asia 30.8% 64.1% 5.1% Expansive
123 Mongolia 27.9 Asia 30.9% 63.4% 5.7% Expansive
124 Uzbekistán 27.9 Asia 31.5% 62.3% 6.3% Expansive
125 Filipinas 27.6 Asia 26.4% 67.6% 6.0% Stationary
126 Guyana 27.5 LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 28.7% 64.1% 7.2% Stationary
127 Camboya 27.4 Asia 29.2% 64.2% 6.6% Expansive
128 Bangladés 27.3 Asia 27.3% 65.8% 6.8% Stationary
129 Nicaragua 27.3 LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 27.9% 66.3% 5.9% Stationary
130 Nepal 26.7 Asia 27.7% 65.6% 6.7% Stationary
131 Kirguistán 26.5 Asia 31.4% 62.3% 6.3% Expansive
132 Bolivia 26.5 LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 29.1% 65.1% 5.8% Stationary
133 Yibuti 26.3 África 28.5% 66.4% 5.1% Stationary
134 Laos 26.3 Asia 29.5% 65.6% 5.0% Stationary
135 Guayana Francesa 26.0 LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 30.8% 61.7% 7.5% Expansive
136 Jordania 25.9 Asia 29.6% 65.4% 5.0% Stationary
137 Egipto 25.7 África 31.1% 63.5% 5.4% Expansive
138 Honduras 25.6 LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 29.9% 65.4% 4.7% Stationary
139 Haití 25.4 LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 30.4% 64.7% 4.9% Expansive
140 Siria 24.8 Asia 27.9% 67.1% 5.0% Constrictive
141 Guatemala 24.8 LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 30.5% 64.4% 5.1% Expansive
142 Botsuana 24.7 África 31.8% 64.1% 4.1% Expansive
143 Micronesia+%28Fed.+States+of%29 24.5 Oceanía 31.2% 62.5% 6.4% Expansive
144 Kiribati 24.0 Oceanía 34.0% 61.5% 4.5% Expansive
145 Papúa Nueva Guinea 24.0 Oceanía 32.8% 63.5% 3.7% Expansive
146 Suazilandia 23.7 África 32.6% 63.0% 4.4% Expansive
147 Tayikistán 23.3 Asia 35.4% 60.3% 4.3% Expansive
148 Timor Oriental 23.2 Asia 32.6% 62.2% 5.2% Expansive
149 Lesoto 23.1 África 33.6% 62.5% 3.9% Expansive
150 Gabón 22.6 África 35.9% 59.9% 4.2% Expansive
151 Ghana 22.6 África 35.0% 61.1% 3.9% Expansive
152 Namibia 22.6 África 36.3% 59.8% 3.9% Expansive
153 Irak 22.2 Asia 35.4% 61.1% 3.5% Expansive
154 Tonga 22.1 Oceanía 34.4% 58.7% 7.0% Expansive
155 Guinea Ecuatorial 22.0 África 36.9% 59.3% 3.9% Expansive
156 Islas Salomón 22.0 Oceanía 36.1% 60.2% 3.7% Expansive
157 Comoras 21.8 África 36.6% 59.0% 4.4% Expansive
158 Pakistán 21.8 Asia 35.8% 59.8% 4.4% Expansive
159 Kenia 21.4 África 35.7% 61.2% 3.1% Expansive
160 Vanuatu 21.4 Oceanía 37.6% 58.0% 4.5% Expansive
161 Ruanda 21.3 África 36.7% 59.2% 4.1% Expansive
162 Estado de Palestina 21.3 Asia 37.0% 59.0% 3.9% Expansive
163 Sierra Leona 21.0 África 37.2% 59.5% 3.3% Expansive
164 Samoa 21.0 Oceanía 37.5% 56.2% 6.2% Expansive
165 Senegal 20.9 África 37.3% 59.0% 3.7% Expansive
166 Santo Tomé y Príncipe 20.8 África 37.2% 58.8% 4.0% Expansive
167 Guinea-Bisáu 20.6 África 37.8% 58.9% 3.3% Expansive
168 Eritrea 20.6 África 37.1% 58.6% 4.3% Expansive
169 Madagascar 20.4 África 38.6% 57.8% 3.5% Expansive
170 Etiopía 20.4 África 38.5% 58.1% 3.4% Expansive
171 Togo 20.2 África 38.8% 57.9% 3.3% Expansive
172 Sudán del Sur 20.0 África 37.1% 59.8% 3.2% Expansive
173 Liberia 20.0 África 38.6% 58.0% 3.4% Expansive
174 Gambia 19.8 África 39.2% 57.5% 3.3% Expansive
175 Congo 19.8 África 39.4% 57.5% 3.1% Expansive
176 Sudán 19.8 África 39.8% 56.7% 3.5% Expansive
177 Costa de Marfil 19.5 África 40.0% 57.3% 2.7% Expansive
178 Guinea 19.5 África 40.2% 56.3% 3.5% Expansive
179 Yemen 19.5 Asia 40.9% 56.5% 2.6% Expansive
180 Malaui 19.4 África 39.6% 57.8% 2.6% Expansive
181 Nigeria 19.4 África 40.0% 56.9% 3.1% Expansive
182 Zimbabue 19.4 África 39.6% 56.8% 3.5% Expansive
183 Camerún 19.3 África 40.8% 56.4% 2.8% Expansive
184 Benín 19.2 África 40.9% 55.9% 3.2% Expansive
185 Zambia 19.2 África 40.5% 57.4% 2.1% Expansive
186 Burkina Faso 19.1 África 40.5% 56.8% 2.7% Expansive
187 Tanzania 18.7 África 42.1% 54.8% 3.0% Expansive
188 Mauritania 18.6 África 42.0% 54.7% 3.3% Expansive
189 Afganistán 18.5 Asia 42.2% 55.3% 2.5% Expansive
190 Mayotte 18.4 África 42.1% 55.0% 2.9% Expansive
191 Uganda 18.2 África 42.7% 55.1% 2.3% Expansive
192 Angola 17.9 África 43.8% 53.2% 2.9% Expansive
193 Mozambique 17.8 África 43.9% 53.4% 2.7% Expansive
194 Burundi 17.8 África 43.2% 54.2% 2.6% Expansive
195 Malí 17.0 África 45.4% 52.2% 2.3% Expansive
196 R.D. Congo 17.0 África 45.8% 51.1% 3.1% Expansive
197 Chad 16.9 África 46.0% 51.9% 2.1% Expansive
198 Níger 16.8 África 45.8% 51.5% 2.6% Expansive
199 Somalia 16.7 África 46.5% 50.8% 2.6% Expansive
200 República Centroafricana 15.7 África 48.2% 49.5% 2.2% Expansive

The oldest and youngest populations

Monaco tops this ranking with a median age of 54.1 years, followed closely by Japan at 51.1 — the two countries most often cited as bellwethers for population ageing, for different reasons: Monaco because of its wealthy, long-lived resident population and heavy weighting toward retirees, Japan because of five decades of sustained low fertility working through an otherwise large population. Martinique, Italy and Hong Kong round out the top five, all past 49. At the other extreme, Central African Republic has the world's youngest population at a median age of 15.7 — meaning half its population hasn't reached secondary-school age — with Somalia, Niger, Chad and Mali close behind, all under 17. Sixty-one of the 201 countries in this table have a median age under 25.

A continental divide

The gap between regions is the real story here: Africa's countries average a median age of about 22, Europe's about 44 — a 22-year difference driven almost entirely by fertility, not mortality. A country's median age is a close-to-permanent feature of its population for a generation or more, since the adults of 2050 are already born; a country with today's median age of 17 cannot reach Japan's median age within a single generation even under the most aggressive fertility decline. This is why the countries at the young end of this table are also, unsurprisingly, the fastest-growing countries (see the fastest-growing countries ranking) — a broad base of children guarantees decades of further population growth even if fertility starts falling today.

Reading the pyramid-shape column

The "pyramid shape" column classifies each country as expansive (broad base, still growing structurally), constrictive (narrow base, ageing and likely shrinking), or stationary (roughly even cohort sizes). It's a compact summary of the same underlying age structure that determines the median age, dependency ratios and growth rate — see our explainer for what each shape looks like and what it means for a country's future.

Preguntas frecuentes

¿Cuántos países abarca esta clasificación?

Esta tabla cubre 200 países y territorios, clasificados con datos de las Perspectivas de Población Mundial de las Naciones Unidas.

¿Qué país tiene la población más vieja?

Mónaco tiene la población más vieja, con una edad mediana de 54.1 años en 2026.

¿Qué país tiene la población más joven?

República Centroafricana tiene la población más joven, con una edad mediana de 15.7 años en 2026.

Páginas relacionadas