Tasa de dependencia por país 2026

Tasa de dependencia por país 2026

Perspectivas de Población Mundial de la ONU, revisión 2024 (variante media)

La tasa de dependencia compara el número de niños y personas mayores con la población en edad de trabajar que los sostiene.

  • 200 países y territorios clasificados
  • El más alto: República Centroafricana
  • El más bajo: Catar

Descargar esta tabla en Excel (.xlsx)

Posición País Dependencia totalRegiónDependencia infantilDependencia de mayoresEdad mediana
1 República Centroafricana 101.9% África 97.4% 4.5% 15.7
2 Mónaco 100.0% Europa 28.1% 71.9% 54.1
3 Somalia 96.7% África 91.5% 5.2% 16.7
4 R.D. Congo 95.8% África 89.7% 6.1% 17.0
5 Níger 94.1% África 89.0% 5.1% 16.8
6 Chad 92.8% África 88.7% 4.1% 16.9
7 Malí 91.5% África 87.0% 4.5% 17.0
8 Angola 87.8% África 82.3% 5.5% 17.9
9 Mozambique 87.2% África 82.1% 5.1% 17.8
10 Burundi 84.4% África 79.7% 4.7% 17.8
11 Mauritania 82.9% África 76.9% 6.0% 18.6
12 Tanzania 82.4% África 76.9% 5.5% 18.7
13 Mayotte 81.8% África 76.6% 5.2% 18.4
14 Uganda 81.6% África 77.5% 4.1% 18.2
15 Afganistán 80.7% Asia 76.3% 4.4% 18.5
16 Benín 79.0% África 73.3% 5.7% 19.2
17 Samoa 77.9% Oceanía 66.8% 11.1% 21.0
18 Guinea 77.6% África 71.4% 6.2% 19.5
19 Camerún 77.4% África 72.4% 5.0% 19.3
20 Yemen 77.0% Asia 72.4% 4.6% 19.5
21 Sudán 76.3% África 70.2% 6.1% 19.8
22 Burkina Faso 76.2% África 71.4% 4.8% 19.1
23 Zimbabue 75.9% África 69.7% 6.2% 19.4
24 Nigeria 75.7% África 70.3% 5.4% 19.4
25 Costa de Marfil 74.6% África 69.9% 4.7% 19.5
26 Zambia 74.1% África 70.5% 3.6% 19.2
27 Congo 74.1% África 68.6% 5.5% 19.8
28 Gambia 73.7% África 68.0% 5.7% 19.8
29 Madagascar 72.9% África 66.8% 6.1% 20.4
30 Malaui 72.9% África 68.4% 4.5% 19.4
31 Togo 72.7% África 67.0% 5.7% 20.2
32 Vanuatu 72.5% Oceanía 64.8% 7.7% 21.4
33 Liberia 72.4% África 66.6% 5.8% 20.0
34 Etiopía 72.1% África 66.3% 5.8% 20.4
35 Martinica 72.1% LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 25.0% 47.1% 51.0
36 Eritrea 70.7% África 63.3% 7.4% 20.6
37 Guadalupe (Francia) 70.5% LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 27.0% 43.5% 48.4
38 Tonga 70.5% Oceanía 58.6% 11.9% 22.1
39 Japón 70.2% Asia 18.8% 51.4% 51.1
40 Santo Tomé y Príncipe 70.0% África 63.2% 6.8% 20.8
41 Guinea-Bisáu 69.9% África 64.3% 5.6% 20.6
42 Comoras 69.6% África 62.1% 7.5% 21.8
43 Senegal 69.5% África 63.3% 6.2% 20.9
44 Estado de Palestina 69.5% Asia 62.8% 6.7% 21.3
45 Ruanda 68.9% África 62.0% 6.9% 21.3
46 Guinea Ecuatorial 68.7% África 62.2% 6.5% 22.0
47 Sierra Leona 68.2% África 62.6% 5.6% 21.0
48 Sudán del Sur 67.4% África 62.1% 5.3% 20.0
49 Pakistán 67.3% Asia 59.9% 7.4% 21.8
50 Namibia 67.1% África 60.6% 6.5% 22.6
51 Gabón 67.0% África 60.0% 7.0% 22.6
52 Islas Vírgenes de los Estados Unidos 66.7% LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 27.4% 39.3% 45.9
53 Islas Salomón 66.2% Oceanía 60.0% 6.2% 22.0
54 Tayikistán 65.9% Asia 58.8% 7.1% 23.3
55 Israel 65.9% Asia 44.6% 21.3% 30.3
56 Guam 64.7% Oceanía 42.3% 22.4% 32.7
57 Ghana 63.7% África 57.3% 6.4% 22.6
58 Francia 63.6% Europa 26.1% 37.5% 43.4
59 Irak 63.6% Asia 57.9% 5.7% 22.2
60 Kenia 63.4% África 58.4% 5.0% 21.4
61 Finlandia 62.7% Europa 22.8% 39.9% 44.4
62 Kiribati 62.6% Oceanía 55.2% 7.4% 24.0
63 Guayana Francesa 62.1% LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 50.0% 12.1% 26.0
64 Kazajistán 61.8% Asia 46.7% 15.1% 30.7
65 Alemania 61.6% Europa 22.4% 39.2% 46.8
66 Portugal 61.3% Europa 20.4% 40.9% 48.1
67 Timor Oriental 60.7% Asia 52.4% 8.3% 23.2
68 Uzbekistán 60.6% Asia 50.5% 10.1% 27.9
69 Kirguistán 60.5% Asia 50.5% 10.0% 26.5
70 Letonia 60.3% Europa 24.0% 36.3% 44.9
71 Serbia 60.3% Europa 22.8% 37.5% 45.6
72 Croacia 60.1% Europa 21.6% 38.5% 46.5
73 Micronesia+%28Fed.+States+of%29 60.1% Oceanía 49.9% 10.2% 24.5
74 Lesoto 60.0% África 53.8% 6.2% 23.1
75 Suecia 60.0% Europa 26.3% 33.7% 41.5
76 Grecia 59.4% Europa 20.0% 39.4% 48.1
77 Estonia 59.1% Europa 23.7% 35.4% 44.2
78 Italia 58.9% Europa 18.2% 40.7% 49.6
79 Suazilandia 58.8% África 51.8% 7.0% 23.7
80 Reunión (departamento de Francia) 58.8% África 32.0% 26.8% 39.4
81 Eslovenia 58.5% Europa 22.6% 35.9% 46.0
82 Dinamarca 58.4% Europa 24.5% 33.9% 42.4
83 Bulgaria 58.2% Europa 22.7% 35.5% 46.0
84 Bélgica 58.2% Europa 24.4% 33.8% 43.1
85 Puerto Rico 58.0% LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 17.2% 40.8% 47.2
86 Moldavia 57.9% Europa 30.4% 27.5% 40.1
87 Reino Unido 57.9% Europa 26.4% 31.5% 41.2
88 Mongolia 57.8% Asia 48.7% 9.1% 27.9
89 Egipto 57.6% África 49.0% 8.6% 25.7
90 Georgia (desambiguación) 57.6% Asia 31.8% 25.8% 38.6
91 Papúa Nueva Guinea 57.6% Oceanía 51.7% 5.9% 24.0
92 Argelia 57.5% África 46.4% 11.1% 29.8
93 Montenegro 57.3% Europa 27.8% 29.5% 41.4
94 República Checa 57.0% Europa 23.3% 33.7% 45.2
95 Bosnia-Herzegovina 56.7% Europa 19.9% 36.8% 47.1
96 Países Bajos 56.6% Europa 23.3% 33.3% 42.6
97 Australia 56.2% Oceanía 27.4% 28.8% 39.5
98 Guyana 56.1% LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 44.8% 11.3% 27.5
99 Botsuana 56.0% África 49.6% 6.4% 24.7
100 Turkmenistán 56.0% Asia 48.1% 7.9% 28.1
101 Camboya 55.8% Asia 45.5% 10.3% 27.4
102 Estados Unidos 55.6% NORTHERN AMERICA 26.3% 29.3% 39.7
103 Líbano 55.5% Asia 38.8% 16.7% 30.0
104 Rumania 55.5% Europa 24.0% 31.5% 44.4
105 Suiza 55.5% Europa 23.0% 32.5% 44.2
106 Austria 55.5% Europa 21.9% 33.6% 44.9
107 Nueva Zelanda 55.4% Oceanía 27.4% 28.0% 39.0
108 Hungría 55.4% Europa 22.3% 33.1% 45.1
109 Canadá 55.3% NORTHERN AMERICA 23.1% 32.2% 41.9
110 Lituania 55.3% Europa 22.2% 33.1% 43.7
111 Guatemala 55.2% LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 47.3% 7.9% 24.8
112 Polonia 54.8% Europa 21.9% 32.9% 44.0
113 Haití 54.4% LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 46.9% 7.5% 25.4
114 República de Macedonia 54.4% Europa 25.1% 29.3% 42.4
115 Rusia 54.1% Europa 25.8% 28.3% 41.8
116 Noruega 54.1% Europa 24.2% 29.9% 41.1
117 Paraguay 53.9% LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 43.3% 10.6% 28.3
118 Bolivia 53.7% LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 44.7% 9.0% 26.5
119 Eslovaquia 53.5% Europa 23.6% 29.9% 43.8
120 Hong Kong 53.1% Asia 15.3% 37.8% 49.0
121 Aruba 53.1% LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 24.8% 28.3% 42.7
122 Venezuela 53.0% LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 37.2% 15.8% 30.6
123 Albania 53.0% Europa 25.0% 28.0% 38.9
124 Jordania 52.9% Asia 45.3% 7.6% 25.9
125 Honduras 52.8% LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 45.7% 7.1% 25.6
126 Barbados 52.8% LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 25.9% 26.9% 40.6
127 Laos 52.6% Asia 45.0% 7.6% 26.3
128 España 52.6% Europa 18.8% 33.8% 47.2
129 Nepal 52.5% Asia 42.2% 10.3% 26.7
130 Bielorrusia 52.3% Europa 23.5% 28.8% 42.8
131 República Dominicana 52.2% LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 39.3% 12.9% 29.7
132 Sri Lanka 52.0% Asia 32.5% 19.5% 34.6
133 Irlanda (isla) 51.9% Europa 26.8% 25.1% 40.2
134 Bangladés 51.9% Asia 41.5% 10.4% 27.3
135 Panamá 51.8% LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 36.7% 15.1% 31.6
136 Uruguay 51.6% LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 26.5% 25.1% 37.8
137 Armenia 51.3% Asia 28.3% 23.0% 38.2
138 Nicaragua 51.0% LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 42.1% 8.9% 27.3
139 Malta 50.7% Europa 19.2% 31.5% 42.5
140 Islandia 50.6% Europa 26.1% 24.5% 37.7
141 Yibuti 50.5% África 42.8% 7.7% 26.3
142 Surinam 50.5% LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 37.7% 12.8% 29.9
143 Marruecos 50.4% África 37.2% 13.2% 31.1
144 Fiyi 50.1% Oceanía 39.9% 10.2% 29.3
145 Túnez 50.1% África 34.6% 15.5% 34.3
146 Argentina 49.9% LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 30.6% 19.3% 34.3
147 San Vicente y las Granadinas 49.5% LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 30.6% 18.9% 35.7
148 Nueva Caledonia 49.3% Oceanía 31.2% 18.1% 35.8
149 Perú 49.2% LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 34.7% 14.5% 31.6
150 Siria 49.0% Asia 41.6% 7.4% 24.8
151 Sudáfrica 48.5% África 38.0% 10.5% 29.9
152 Ucrania 48.3% Europa 19.9% 28.4% 42.9
153 El Salvador 48.1% LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 35.5% 12.6% 29.4
154 México 48.1% LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 35.1% 13.0% 31.0
155 Filipinas 47.9% Asia 39.1% 8.8% 27.6
156 Vietnam 47.8% Asia 33.2% 14.6% 34.9
157 Cuba 47.8% LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 21.8% 26.0% 43.6
158 Ecuador 47.5% LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 34.4% 13.1% 30.7
159 Curazao 47.2% LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 20.9% 26.3% 40.0
160 Luxemburgo 46.9% Europa 23.1% 23.8% 40.8
161 Corea del Norte 46.8% Asia 27.7% 19.1% 37.8
162 Indonesia 46.3% Asia 34.9% 11.4% 31.7
163 Libia 46.2% África 38.3% 7.9% 29.1
164 Birmania 46.2% Asia 34.9% 11.3% 31.4
165 Granada (país) 46.1% LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 27.1% 19.0% 35.9
166 Belice 45.9% LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 38.0% 7.9% 28.3
167 Turquía 45.9% Asia 30.0% 15.9% 34.9
168 India 45.8% Asia 34.7% 11.1% 30.2
169 Chipre 45.6% Asia 23.4% 22.2% 40.1
170 Cabo Verde 45.6% África 34.7% 10.9% 30.5
171 Corea del Sur 45.5% Asia 14.3% 31.2% 47.3
172 Chile 45.3% LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 23.4% 21.9% 38.5
173 Costa Rica 45.2% LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 25.9% 19.3% 36.7
174 Brasil 45.0% LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 27.7% 17.3% 36.2
175 Tailandia 44.4% Asia 20.3% 24.1% 41.9
176 Trinidad y Tobago 44.3% LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 24.8% 19.5% 39.2
177 Irán 43.9% Asia 31.0% 12.9% 35.5
178 Polinesia Francesa 43.8% Oceanía 25.7% 18.1% 37.6
179 Colombia 43.7% LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 28.4% 15.3% 34.0
180 Azerbaiyán 43.6% Asia 29.6% 14.0% 35.1
181 Antigua y Barbuda 43.0% LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 24.6% 18.4% 37.7
182 China 42.7% Asia 21.1% 21.6% 41.7
183 Bahamas 42.2% LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 24.5% 17.7% 36.7
184 Sahara Occidental 42.2% África 32.3% 9.9% 33.8
185 Macao 41.6% Asia 19.0% 22.6% 41.4
186 Malasia 41.2% Asia 29.4% 11.8% 32.4
187 Mauricio 40.9% África 20.2% 20.7% 39.3
188 Seychelles 40.0% África 27.4% 12.6% 35.6
189 Brunéi 38.9% Asia 28.3% 10.6% 34.2
190 Santa Lucía 37.7% LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 23.5% 14.2% 36.1
191 Jamaica 36.8% LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 24.5% 12.3% 34.3
192 Omán 36.5% Asia 32.8% 3.7% 30.8
193 Arabia Saudita 36.2% Asia 31.9% 4.3% 30.6
194 Bután 36.2% Asia 27.0% 9.2% 31.9
195 Singapur 36.1% Asia 16.0% 20.1% 37.9
196 Maldivas 31.1% Asia 24.2% 6.9% 34.4
197 Baréin 28.8% Asia 23.4% 5.4% 34.4
198 Kuwait 26.6% Asia 22.5% 4.1% 35.8
199 Emiratos Árabes Unidos 21.5% Asia 19.3% 2.2% 32.6
200 Catar 20.1% Asia 18.0% 2.1% 34.4

Two very different routes to a high dependency ratio

Central African Republic has the world's highest total dependency ratio, at almost 102 dependents for every 100 working-age people — meaning there are slightly more children and elderly combined than there are people of working age to support them. Somalia and D.R. Congo aren't far behind. But these countries get there almost entirely through child dependency: huge young populations relative to a comparatively small working-age base, the same pattern visible in our median age ranking's youngest countries. Monaco is the striking exception at the top of the table, with a total dependency ratio of 100 driven almost entirely by old-age dependency instead — a small, ageing resident population with very few children.

The Gulf outlier

At the opposite end, Qatar, the United Arab Emirates, Kuwait and Bahrain have the lowest dependency ratios in the world, all under 32 dependents per 100 working-age people. This isn't primarily a fertility story — it reflects these countries' very large working-age migrant populations, which inflate the denominator without a matching increase in the number of children or retirees (most migrant workers move without dependents and often return home before retirement). It's a useful reminder that the dependency ratio measures a population's current age structure, not how many people any one household actually supports.

Why this ratio matters

The dependency ratio is a rough proxy for the economic weight each working-age person carries — in taxes, pensions, schooling, and direct family support — even though it says nothing about actual income, productivity or the participation rate of anyone counted as "working age." A rising old-age dependency ratio (visible on our shrinking populations ranking) and a falling child dependency ratio, happening together, is the signature of a population moving through the later stages of the demographic transition: fewer children being born, but a large surviving cohort of retirees still to be supported.

Preguntas frecuentes

¿Cuántos países abarca esta clasificación?

Esta tabla cubre 200 países y territorios, clasificados con datos de las Perspectivas de Población Mundial de las Naciones Unidas.

¿Qué país tiene la tasa de dependencia más alta?

República Centroafricana tiene la tasa de dependencia total más alta, con 101.9 dependientes por cada 100 personas en edad de trabajar.

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