Âge médian par pays 2026

Âge médian par pays 2026

Perspectives de la population mondiale de l'ONU, révision 2024 (variante moyenne)

L'âge médian divise une population en deux moitiés égales, l'une plus jeune et l'autre plus âgée ; c'est l'indicateur le plus clair pour savoir si un pays est jeune ou âgé.

  • 199 pays et territoires classés
  • Le plus élevé : Japon
  • Le plus bas : République centrafricaine

Télécharger ce tableau en Excel (.xlsx)

Rang Pays Âge médianRégion0-14 ans %15-64 ans %65 ans et + %Forme de la pyramide
1 Japon 51.1 ASIE 11.0% 58.8% 30.2% Constrictive
2 Martinique 51.0 AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 14.5% 58.1% 27.4% Constrictive
3 Italie 49.6 EUROPE 11.4% 63.0% 25.6% Constrictive
4 Hong Kong RAS (Chine) 49.0 ASIE 10.0% 65.3% 24.7% Constrictive
5 Guadeloupe 48.4 AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 15.9% 58.6% 25.5% Constrictive
6 Grèce 48.1 EUROPE 12.6% 62.7% 24.7% Constrictive
7 Portugal 48.1 EUROPE 12.6% 62.0% 25.4% Constrictive
8 Corée du sud (République de Corée) 47.3 ASIE 9.8% 68.7% 21.4% Constrictive
9 Puerto Rico 47.2 AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 10.9% 63.3% 25.8% Constrictive
10 Espagne 47.2 EUROPE 12.3% 65.5% 22.2% Constrictive
11 Bosnie-Herzégovine 47.1 EUROPE 12.7% 63.8% 23.5% Constrictive
12 Allemagne 46.8 EUROPE 13.9% 61.9% 24.2% Constrictive
13 Croatie 46.5 EUROPE 13.5% 62.5% 24.0% Constrictive
14 Bulgarie 46.0 EUROPE 14.3% 63.2% 22.5% Constrictive
15 Slovénie 46.0 EUROPE 14.2% 63.1% 22.7% Constrictive
16 îles Vierges des États-Unis 45.9 AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 16.4% 60.0% 23.6% Constrictive
17 Serbie 45.6 EUROPE 14.2% 62.4% 23.4% Constrictive
18 République Tchèque 45.2 EUROPE 14.8% 63.7% 21.4% Constrictive
19 Hongrie 45.1 EUROPE 14.3% 64.4% 21.3% Constrictive
20 Autriche 44.9 EUROPE 14.1% 64.3% 21.6% Constrictive
21 Lettonie 44.9 EUROPE 15.0% 62.4% 22.7% Constrictive
22 Finlande 44.4 EUROPE 14.0% 61.4% 24.5% Constrictive
23 Roumanie 44.4 EUROPE 15.4% 64.3% 20.2% Constrictive
24 Estonie 44.2 EUROPE 14.9% 62.8% 22.3% Constrictive
25 Suisse 44.2 EUROPE 14.8% 64.3% 20.9% Constrictive
26 Pologne 44.0 EUROPE 14.1% 64.6% 21.3% Constrictive
27 Slovaquie 43.8 EUROPE 15.4% 65.1% 19.5% Constrictive
28 Lithuanie 43.7 EUROPE 14.3% 64.4% 21.3% Constrictive
29 Cuba 43.6 AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 14.7% 67.7% 17.6% Constrictive
30 France 43.4 EUROPE 16.0% 61.1% 22.9% Constrictive
31 Belgique 43.1 EUROPE 15.4% 63.2% 21.4% Constrictive
32 Ukraine 42.9 EUROPE 13.4% 67.5% 19.1% Constrictive
33 Biélorussie 42.8 EUROPE 15.5% 65.7% 18.9% Constrictive
34 Aruba 42.7 AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 16.2% 65.3% 18.5% Constrictive
35 Pays-Bas 42.6 EUROPE 14.9% 63.9% 21.3% Constrictive
36 Malte 42.5 EUROPE 12.8% 66.3% 20.9% Constrictive
37 Danemark 42.4 EUROPE 15.5% 63.1% 21.4% Constrictive
38 Macédoine (République de) 42.4 EUROPE 16.2% 64.8% 19.0% Constrictive
39 Canada 41.9 AMERIQUE DU NORD 14.9% 64.4% 20.7% Constrictive
40 Thailande 41.9 ASIE 14.1% 69.2% 16.7% Constrictive
41 Russie 41.8 EUROPE 16.7% 64.9% 18.4% Constrictive
42 Chine 41.7 ASIE 14.8% 70.1% 15.1% Constrictive
43 Suède 41.5 EUROPE 16.4% 62.5% 21.1% Constrictive
44 Montenegro 41.4 EUROPE 17.7% 63.6% 18.8% Constrictive
45 Macao RAS (Chine) 41.4 ASIE 13.4% 70.6% 15.9% Constrictive
46 Royaume Uni 41.2 EUROPE 16.7% 63.3% 19.9% Constrictive
47 Norvège 41.1 EUROPE 15.7% 64.9% 19.4% Constrictive
48 Luxembourg 40.8 EUROPE 15.7% 68.1% 16.2% Constrictive
49 Barbade 40.6 AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 16.9% 65.4% 17.6% Constrictive
50 Irlande 40.2 EUROPE 17.6% 65.8% 16.5% Stationary
51 Chypre 40.1 ASIE 16.0% 68.7% 15.3% Stationary
52 Moldavie (République de) 40.1 EUROPE 19.2% 63.3% 17.4% Expansive
53 Curaçao 40.0 AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 14.2% 67.9% 17.8% Constrictive
54 Etats-Unis d'Amérique 39.7 AMERIQUE DU NORD 16.9% 64.3% 18.8% Constrictive
55 Australie 39.5 OCÉANIE 17.5% 64.0% 18.5% Constrictive
56 Réunion 39.4 AFRIQUE 20.2% 63.0% 16.9% Stationary
57 Mauritius 39.3 AFRIQUE 14.3% 71.0% 14.7% Constrictive
58 Trinité-et-Tobago 39.2 AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 17.2% 69.3% 13.5% Stationary
59 Nouvelle-Zélande 39.0 OCÉANIE 17.6% 64.3% 18.0% Constrictive
60 Albanie 38.9 EUROPE 16.3% 65.3% 18.3% Constrictive
61 Géorgie 38.6 ASIE 20.2% 63.5% 16.4% Stationary
62 Chili 38.5 AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 16.1% 68.8% 15.1% Constrictive
63 Arménie 38.2 ASIE 18.7% 66.1% 15.2% Stationary
64 Singapour 37.9 ASIE 11.7% 73.5% 14.8% Constrictive
65 Corée du Nord 37.8 ASIE 18.9% 68.1% 13.0% Stationary
66 Uruguay 37.8 AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 17.5% 66.0% 16.5% Constrictive
67 Antigua-et-Barbuda 37.7 AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 17.2% 69.9% 12.9% Constrictive
68 Islande 37.7 EUROPE 17.3% 66.4% 16.3% Stationary
69 Polynésie française 37.6 OCÉANIE 17.8% 69.6% 12.6% Constrictive
70 Costa Rica 36.7 AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 17.8% 68.9% 13.3% Constrictive
71 Bahamas 36.7 AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 17.2% 70.3% 12.4% Constrictive
72 Brésil 36.2 AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 19.1% 69.0% 11.9% Stationary
73 Sainte-Lucie 36.1 AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 17.1% 72.6% 10.3% Constrictive
74 Grenade 35.9 AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 18.6% 68.4% 13.0% Stationary
75 Koweït 35.8 ASIE 17.8% 79.0% 3.3% Stationary
76 Nouvelle calédonie 35.8 OCÉANIE 20.9% 67.0% 12.1% Stationary
77 Saint-Vincent-et-les-Grenadines 35.7 AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 20.4% 66.9% 12.6% Stationary
78 Seychelles 35.6 AFRIQUE 19.6% 71.4% 9.0% Stationary
79 Iran 35.5 ASIE 21.6% 69.5% 8.9% Stationary
80 Azerbaïdjan 35.1 ASIE 20.6% 69.6% 9.8% Stationary
81 Viet Nam 34.9 ASIE 22.4% 67.7% 9.9% Stationary
82 Turquie 34.9 ASIE 20.6% 68.5% 10.9% Stationary
83 Sri Lanka 34.6 ASIE 21.4% 65.8% 12.8% Stationary
84 Maldives 34.4 ASIE 18.4% 76.3% 5.3% Stationary
85 Bahreïn 34.4 ASIE 18.2% 77.7% 4.2% Constrictive
86 Qatar 34.4 ASIE 15.0% 83.3% 1.7% Constrictive
87 Argentine 34.3 AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 20.4% 66.7% 12.9% Stationary
88 Jamaïque 34.3 AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 17.9% 73.1% 9.0% Constrictive
89 Tunisie 34.3 AFRIQUE 23.0% 66.6% 10.3% Stationary
90 Brunéi Darussalam 34.2 ASIE 20.4% 72.0% 7.6% Stationary
91 Colombie 34.0 AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 19.7% 69.6% 10.6% Constrictive
92 Sahara occidental 33.8 AFRIQUE 22.7% 70.3% 7.0% Stationary
93 Guam 32.7 OCÉANIE 25.7% 60.7% 13.6% Expansive
94 Emirats arabes unis 32.6 ASIE 15.9% 82.3% 1.8% Constrictive
95 Malaisie 32.4 ASIE 20.8% 70.8% 8.3% Constrictive
96 Bhutan 31.9 ASIE 19.8% 73.4% 6.8% Constrictive
97 Indonésie 31.7 ASIE 23.9% 68.3% 7.8% Stationary
98 Panama 31.6 AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 24.1% 65.9% 10.0% Stationary
99 Pérou 31.6 AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 23.3% 67.0% 9.7% Stationary
100 Birmanie (Myanmar) 31.4 ASIE 23.9% 68.4% 7.7% Stationary
101 Maroc 31.1 AFRIQUE 24.8% 66.5% 8.8% Stationary
102 Mexique 31.0 AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 23.7% 67.5% 8.8% Stationary
103 Oman 30.8 ASIE 24.0% 73.2% 2.7% Stationary
104 Equateur 30.7 AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 23.3% 67.8% 8.9% Stationary
105 Kazakhstan 30.7 ASIE 28.9% 61.8% 9.3% Expansive
106 Venezuela 30.6 AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 24.3% 65.3% 10.4% Stationary
107 Arabie Saoudite 30.6 ASIE 23.4% 73.4% 3.2% Stationary
108 Cap vert 30.5 AFRIQUE 23.8% 68.7% 7.5% Stationary
109 Israel 30.3 ASIE 26.9% 60.3% 12.8% Expansive
110 Inde 30.2 ASIE 23.8% 68.6% 7.6% Stationary
111 Liban 30.0 ASIE 25.0% 64.3% 10.7% Stationary
112 Afrique du Sud 29.9 AFRIQUE 25.6% 67.3% 7.1% Stationary
113 Suriname 29.9 AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 25.0% 66.4% 8.5% Stationary
114 Algérie 29.8 AFRIQUE 29.4% 63.5% 7.0% Expansive
115 République Dominicaine 29.7 AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 25.8% 65.7% 8.5% Stationary
116 Salvador 29.4 AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 24.0% 67.6% 8.5% Stationary
117 Fidji 29.3 OCÉANIE 26.6% 66.6% 6.8% Stationary
118 Libye 29.1 AFRIQUE 26.2% 68.4% 5.4% Stationary
119 Paraguay 28.3 AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 28.1% 64.9% 6.9% Stationary
120 Belize 28.3 AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 26.0% 68.5% 5.4% Stationary
121 Turkmenistan 28.1 ASIE 30.8% 64.1% 5.1% Expansive
122 Mongolie 27.9 ASIE 30.9% 63.4% 5.7% Expansive
123 Ouzbékistan 27.9 ASIE 31.5% 62.3% 6.3% Expansive
124 Philippines 27.6 ASIE 26.4% 67.6% 6.0% Stationary
125 Guyana 27.5 AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 28.7% 64.1% 7.2% Stationary
126 Cambodge 27.4 ASIE 29.2% 64.2% 6.6% Expansive
127 Nicaragua 27.3 AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 27.9% 66.3% 5.9% Stationary
128 Bangladesh 27.3 ASIE 27.3% 65.8% 6.8% Stationary
129 Népal 26.7 ASIE 27.7% 65.6% 6.7% Stationary
130 Bolivie 26.5 AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 29.1% 65.1% 5.8% Stationary
131 Kyrgyzstan 26.5 ASIE 31.4% 62.3% 6.3% Expansive
132 Laos 26.3 ASIE 29.5% 65.6% 5.0% Stationary
133 Djibouti 26.3 AFRIQUE 28.5% 66.4% 5.1% Stationary
134 Guinée française 26.0 AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 30.8% 61.7% 7.5% Expansive
135 Jordanie 25.9 ASIE 29.6% 65.4% 5.0% Stationary
136 Egypte 25.7 AFRIQUE 31.1% 63.5% 5.4% Expansive
137 Honduras 25.6 AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 29.9% 65.4% 4.7% Stationary
138 Haiti 25.4 AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 30.4% 64.7% 4.9% Expansive
139 Syrie (République arabe syrienne) 24.8 ASIE 27.9% 67.1% 5.0% Constrictive
140 Guatemala 24.8 AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 30.5% 64.4% 5.1% Expansive
141 Botswana 24.7 AFRIQUE 31.8% 64.1% 4.1% Expansive
142 Micronésie 24.5 OCÉANIE 31.2% 62.5% 6.4% Expansive
143 Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée 24.0 OCÉANIE 32.8% 63.5% 3.7% Expansive
144 Kiribati 24.0 OCÉANIE 34.0% 61.5% 4.5% Expansive
145 Swaziland 23.7 AFRIQUE 32.6% 63.0% 4.4% Expansive
146 Tadjikistan 23.3 ASIE 35.4% 60.3% 4.3% Expansive
147 Timor-Leste 23.2 ASIE 32.6% 62.2% 5.2% Expansive
148 Lesotho 23.1 AFRIQUE 33.6% 62.5% 3.9% Expansive
149 Gabon 22.6 AFRIQUE 35.9% 59.9% 4.2% Expansive
150 Ghana 22.6 AFRIQUE 35.0% 61.1% 3.9% Expansive
151 Namibie 22.6 AFRIQUE 36.3% 59.8% 3.9% Expansive
152 Irak 22.2 ASIE 35.4% 61.1% 3.5% Expansive
153 Tonga 22.1 OCÉANIE 34.4% 58.7% 7.0% Expansive
154 Guinée Equatoriale 22.0 AFRIQUE 36.9% 59.3% 3.9% Expansive
155 Iles Solomon 22.0 OCÉANIE 36.1% 60.2% 3.7% Expansive
156 Comores 21.8 AFRIQUE 36.6% 59.0% 4.4% Expansive
157 Pakistan 21.8 ASIE 35.8% 59.8% 4.4% Expansive
158 Kenya 21.4 AFRIQUE 35.7% 61.2% 3.1% Expansive
159 Vanuatu 21.4 OCÉANIE 37.6% 58.0% 4.5% Expansive
160 Rwanda 21.3 AFRIQUE 36.7% 59.2% 4.1% Expansive
161 Palestine (État de) 21.3 ASIE 37.0% 59.0% 3.9% Expansive
162 Samoa 21.0 OCÉANIE 37.5% 56.2% 6.2% Expansive
163 Sierra Leone 21.0 AFRIQUE 37.2% 59.5% 3.3% Expansive
164 Sénégal 20.9 AFRIQUE 37.3% 59.0% 3.7% Expansive
165 Sao Tomé-et-Principe 20.8 AFRIQUE 37.2% 58.8% 4.0% Expansive
166 Eritrea 20.6 AFRIQUE 37.1% 58.6% 4.3% Expansive
167 Guinée-Bissau 20.6 AFRIQUE 37.8% 58.9% 3.3% Expansive
168 Ethiopie 20.4 AFRIQUE 38.5% 58.1% 3.4% Expansive
169 Madagascar 20.4 AFRIQUE 38.6% 57.8% 3.5% Expansive
170 Togo 20.2 AFRIQUE 38.8% 57.9% 3.3% Expansive
171 Soudan du Sud 20.0 AFRIQUE 37.1% 59.8% 3.2% Expansive
172 Liberia 20.0 AFRIQUE 38.6% 58.0% 3.4% Expansive
173 Congo 19.8 AFRIQUE 39.4% 57.5% 3.1% Expansive
174 Gambie 19.8 AFRIQUE 39.2% 57.5% 3.3% Expansive
175 Soudan 19.8 AFRIQUE 39.8% 56.7% 3.5% Expansive
176 Yémen 19.5 ASIE 40.9% 56.5% 2.6% Expansive
177 Côte d'Ivoire 19.5 AFRIQUE 40.0% 57.3% 2.7% Expansive
178 Guinée 19.5 AFRIQUE 40.2% 56.3% 3.5% Expansive
179 Malawi 19.4 AFRIQUE 39.6% 57.8% 2.6% Expansive
180 Nigeria 19.4 AFRIQUE 40.0% 56.9% 3.1% Expansive
181 Zimbabwe 19.4 AFRIQUE 39.6% 56.8% 3.5% Expansive
182 Cameroun 19.3 AFRIQUE 40.8% 56.4% 2.8% Expansive
183 Bénin 19.2 AFRIQUE 40.9% 55.9% 3.2% Expansive
184 Zambie 19.2 AFRIQUE 40.5% 57.4% 2.1% Expansive
185 Burkina Faso 19.1 AFRIQUE 40.5% 56.8% 2.7% Expansive
186 Tanzanie 18.7 AFRIQUE 42.1% 54.8% 3.0% Expansive
187 Mauritanie 18.6 AFRIQUE 42.0% 54.7% 3.3% Expansive
188 Afghanistan 18.5 ASIE 42.2% 55.3% 2.5% Expansive
189 Mayotte 18.4 AFRIQUE 42.1% 55.0% 2.9% Expansive
190 Uganda 18.2 AFRIQUE 42.7% 55.1% 2.3% Expansive
191 Angola 17.9 AFRIQUE 43.8% 53.2% 2.9% Expansive
192 Burundi 17.8 AFRIQUE 43.2% 54.2% 2.6% Expansive
193 Mozambique 17.8 AFRIQUE 43.9% 53.4% 2.7% Expansive
194 Mali 17.0 AFRIQUE 45.4% 52.2% 2.3% Expansive
195 R.D. Congo 17.0 AFRIQUE 45.8% 51.1% 3.1% Expansive
196 Chad 16.9 AFRIQUE 46.0% 51.9% 2.1% Expansive
197 Niger 16.8 AFRIQUE 45.8% 51.5% 2.6% Expansive
198 Somalie 16.7 AFRIQUE 46.5% 50.8% 2.6% Expansive
199 République centrafricaine 15.7 AFRIQUE 48.2% 49.5% 2.2% Expansive

The oldest and youngest populations

Monaco tops this ranking with a median age of 54.1 years, followed closely by Japan at 51.1 — the two countries most often cited as bellwethers for population ageing, for different reasons: Monaco because of its wealthy, long-lived resident population and heavy weighting toward retirees, Japan because of five decades of sustained low fertility working through an otherwise large population. Martinique, Italy and Hong Kong round out the top five, all past 49. At the other extreme, Central African Republic has the world's youngest population at a median age of 15.7 — meaning half its population hasn't reached secondary-school age — with Somalia, Niger, Chad and Mali close behind, all under 17. Sixty-one of the 201 countries in this table have a median age under 25.

A continental divide

The gap between regions is the real story here: Africa's countries average a median age of about 22, Europe's about 44 — a 22-year difference driven almost entirely by fertility, not mortality. A country's median age is a close-to-permanent feature of its population for a generation or more, since the adults of 2050 are already born; a country with today's median age of 17 cannot reach Japan's median age within a single generation even under the most aggressive fertility decline. This is why the countries at the young end of this table are also, unsurprisingly, the fastest-growing countries (see the fastest-growing countries ranking) — a broad base of children guarantees decades of further population growth even if fertility starts falling today.

Reading the pyramid-shape column

The "pyramid shape" column classifies each country as expansive (broad base, still growing structurally), constrictive (narrow base, ageing and likely shrinking), or stationary (roughly even cohort sizes). It's a compact summary of the same underlying age structure that determines the median age, dependency ratios and growth rate — see our explainer for what each shape looks like and what it means for a country's future.

Questions fréquentes

Combien de pays ce classement couvre-t-il ?

Ce tableau couvre 199 pays et territoires, classés à partir des données des Perspectives de la population mondiale des Nations Unies.

Quel pays a la population la plus âgée ?

Japon a la population la plus âgée, avec un âge médian de 51.1 ans en 2026.

Quel pays a la population la plus jeune ?

République centrafricaine a la population la plus jeune, avec un âge médian de 15.7 ans en 2026.

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