Ratio de dépendance par pays 2026

Ratio de dépendance par pays 2026

Perspectives de la population mondiale de l'ONU, révision 2024 (variante moyenne)

Le ratio de dépendance compare le nombre d'enfants et de personnes âgées à la population en âge de travailler qui les soutient.

  • 199 pays et territoires classés
  • Le plus élevé : République centrafricaine
  • Le plus bas : Qatar

Télécharger ce tableau en Excel (.xlsx)

Rang Pays Dépendance totaleRégionDépendance des jeunesDépendance des personnes âgéesÂge médian
1 République centrafricaine 101.9% AFRIQUE 97.4% 4.5% 15.7
2 Somalie 96.7% AFRIQUE 91.5% 5.2% 16.7
3 R.D. Congo 95.8% AFRIQUE 89.7% 6.1% 17.0
4 Niger 94.1% AFRIQUE 89.0% 5.1% 16.8
5 Chad 92.8% AFRIQUE 88.7% 4.1% 16.9
6 Mali 91.5% AFRIQUE 87.0% 4.5% 17.0
7 Angola 87.8% AFRIQUE 82.3% 5.5% 17.9
8 Mozambique 87.2% AFRIQUE 82.1% 5.1% 17.8
9 Burundi 84.4% AFRIQUE 79.7% 4.7% 17.8
10 Mauritanie 82.9% AFRIQUE 76.9% 6.0% 18.6
11 Tanzanie 82.4% AFRIQUE 76.9% 5.5% 18.7
12 Mayotte 81.8% AFRIQUE 76.6% 5.2% 18.4
13 Uganda 81.6% AFRIQUE 77.5% 4.1% 18.2
14 Afghanistan 80.7% ASIE 76.3% 4.4% 18.5
15 Bénin 79.0% AFRIQUE 73.3% 5.7% 19.2
16 Samoa 77.9% OCÉANIE 66.8% 11.1% 21.0
17 Guinée 77.6% AFRIQUE 71.4% 6.2% 19.5
18 Cameroun 77.4% AFRIQUE 72.4% 5.0% 19.3
19 Yémen 77.0% ASIE 72.4% 4.6% 19.5
20 Soudan 76.3% AFRIQUE 70.2% 6.1% 19.8
21 Burkina Faso 76.2% AFRIQUE 71.4% 4.8% 19.1
22 Zimbabwe 75.9% AFRIQUE 69.7% 6.2% 19.4
23 Nigeria 75.7% AFRIQUE 70.3% 5.4% 19.4
24 Côte d'Ivoire 74.6% AFRIQUE 69.9% 4.7% 19.5
25 Congo 74.1% AFRIQUE 68.6% 5.5% 19.8
26 Zambie 74.1% AFRIQUE 70.5% 3.6% 19.2
27 Gambie 73.7% AFRIQUE 68.0% 5.7% 19.8
28 Malawi 72.9% AFRIQUE 68.4% 4.5% 19.4
29 Madagascar 72.9% AFRIQUE 66.8% 6.1% 20.4
30 Togo 72.7% AFRIQUE 67.0% 5.7% 20.2
31 Vanuatu 72.5% OCÉANIE 64.8% 7.7% 21.4
32 Liberia 72.4% AFRIQUE 66.6% 5.8% 20.0
33 Ethiopie 72.1% AFRIQUE 66.3% 5.8% 20.4
34 Martinique 72.1% AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 25.0% 47.1% 51.0
35 Eritrea 70.7% AFRIQUE 63.3% 7.4% 20.6
36 Guadeloupe 70.5% AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 27.0% 43.5% 48.4
37 Tonga 70.5% OCÉANIE 58.6% 11.9% 22.1
38 Japon 70.2% ASIE 18.8% 51.4% 51.1
39 Sao Tomé-et-Principe 70.0% AFRIQUE 63.2% 6.8% 20.8
40 Guinée-Bissau 69.9% AFRIQUE 64.3% 5.6% 20.6
41 Comores 69.6% AFRIQUE 62.1% 7.5% 21.8
42 Sénégal 69.5% AFRIQUE 63.3% 6.2% 20.9
43 Palestine (État de) 69.5% ASIE 62.8% 6.7% 21.3
44 Rwanda 68.9% AFRIQUE 62.0% 6.9% 21.3
45 Guinée Equatoriale 68.7% AFRIQUE 62.2% 6.5% 22.0
46 Sierra Leone 68.2% AFRIQUE 62.6% 5.6% 21.0
47 Soudan du Sud 67.4% AFRIQUE 62.1% 5.3% 20.0
48 Pakistan 67.3% ASIE 59.9% 7.4% 21.8
49 Namibie 67.1% AFRIQUE 60.6% 6.5% 22.6
50 Gabon 67.0% AFRIQUE 60.0% 7.0% 22.6
51 îles Vierges des États-Unis 66.7% AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 27.4% 39.3% 45.9
52 Iles Solomon 66.2% OCÉANIE 60.0% 6.2% 22.0
53 Israel 65.9% ASIE 44.6% 21.3% 30.3
54 Tadjikistan 65.9% ASIE 58.8% 7.1% 23.3
55 Guam 64.7% OCÉANIE 42.3% 22.4% 32.7
56 Ghana 63.7% AFRIQUE 57.3% 6.4% 22.6
57 France 63.6% EUROPE 26.1% 37.5% 43.4
58 Irak 63.6% ASIE 57.9% 5.7% 22.2
59 Kenya 63.4% AFRIQUE 58.4% 5.0% 21.4
60 Finlande 62.7% EUROPE 22.8% 39.9% 44.4
61 Kiribati 62.6% OCÉANIE 55.2% 7.4% 24.0
62 Guinée française 62.1% AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 50.0% 12.1% 26.0
63 Kazakhstan 61.8% ASIE 46.7% 15.1% 30.7
64 Allemagne 61.6% EUROPE 22.4% 39.2% 46.8
65 Portugal 61.3% EUROPE 20.4% 40.9% 48.1
66 Timor-Leste 60.7% ASIE 52.4% 8.3% 23.2
67 Ouzbékistan 60.6% ASIE 50.5% 10.1% 27.9
68 Kyrgyzstan 60.5% ASIE 50.5% 10.0% 26.5
69 Serbie 60.3% EUROPE 22.8% 37.5% 45.6
70 Lettonie 60.3% EUROPE 24.0% 36.3% 44.9
71 Croatie 60.1% EUROPE 21.6% 38.5% 46.5
72 Micronésie 60.1% OCÉANIE 49.9% 10.2% 24.5
73 Lesotho 60.0% AFRIQUE 53.8% 6.2% 23.1
74 Suède 60.0% EUROPE 26.3% 33.7% 41.5
75 Grèce 59.4% EUROPE 20.0% 39.4% 48.1
76 Estonie 59.1% EUROPE 23.7% 35.4% 44.2
77 Italie 58.9% EUROPE 18.2% 40.7% 49.6
78 Réunion 58.8% AFRIQUE 32.0% 26.8% 39.4
79 Swaziland 58.8% AFRIQUE 51.8% 7.0% 23.7
80 Slovénie 58.5% EUROPE 22.6% 35.9% 46.0
81 Danemark 58.4% EUROPE 24.5% 33.9% 42.4
82 Bulgarie 58.2% EUROPE 22.7% 35.5% 46.0
83 Belgique 58.2% EUROPE 24.4% 33.8% 43.1
84 Puerto Rico 58.0% AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 17.2% 40.8% 47.2
85 Royaume Uni 57.9% EUROPE 26.4% 31.5% 41.2
86 Moldavie (République de) 57.9% EUROPE 30.4% 27.5% 40.1
87 Mongolie 57.8% ASIE 48.7% 9.1% 27.9
88 Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée 57.6% OCÉANIE 51.7% 5.9% 24.0
89 Géorgie 57.6% ASIE 31.8% 25.8% 38.6
90 Egypte 57.6% AFRIQUE 49.0% 8.6% 25.7
91 Algérie 57.5% AFRIQUE 46.4% 11.1% 29.8
92 Montenegro 57.3% EUROPE 27.8% 29.5% 41.4
93 République Tchèque 57.0% EUROPE 23.3% 33.7% 45.2
94 Bosnie-Herzégovine 56.7% EUROPE 19.9% 36.8% 47.1
95 Pays-Bas 56.6% EUROPE 23.3% 33.3% 42.6
96 Australie 56.2% OCÉANIE 27.4% 28.8% 39.5
97 Guyana 56.1% AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 44.8% 11.3% 27.5
98 Turkmenistan 56.0% ASIE 48.1% 7.9% 28.1
99 Botswana 56.0% AFRIQUE 49.6% 6.4% 24.7
100 Cambodge 55.8% ASIE 45.5% 10.3% 27.4
101 Etats-Unis d'Amérique 55.6% AMERIQUE DU NORD 26.3% 29.3% 39.7
102 Autriche 55.5% EUROPE 21.9% 33.6% 44.9
103 Liban 55.5% ASIE 38.8% 16.7% 30.0
104 Roumanie 55.5% EUROPE 24.0% 31.5% 44.4
105 Suisse 55.5% EUROPE 23.0% 32.5% 44.2
106 Hongrie 55.4% EUROPE 22.3% 33.1% 45.1
107 Nouvelle-Zélande 55.4% OCÉANIE 27.4% 28.0% 39.0
108 Canada 55.3% AMERIQUE DU NORD 23.1% 32.2% 41.9
109 Lithuanie 55.3% EUROPE 22.2% 33.1% 43.7
110 Guatemala 55.2% AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 47.3% 7.9% 24.8
111 Pologne 54.8% EUROPE 21.9% 32.9% 44.0
112 Macédoine (République de) 54.4% EUROPE 25.1% 29.3% 42.4
113 Haiti 54.4% AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 46.9% 7.5% 25.4
114 Russie 54.1% EUROPE 25.8% 28.3% 41.8
115 Norvège 54.1% EUROPE 24.2% 29.9% 41.1
116 Paraguay 53.9% AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 43.3% 10.6% 28.3
117 Bolivie 53.7% AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 44.7% 9.0% 26.5
118 Slovaquie 53.5% EUROPE 23.6% 29.9% 43.8
119 Hong Kong RAS (Chine) 53.1% ASIE 15.3% 37.8% 49.0
120 Aruba 53.1% AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 24.8% 28.3% 42.7
121 Venezuela 53.0% AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 37.2% 15.8% 30.6
122 Albanie 53.0% EUROPE 25.0% 28.0% 38.9
123 Jordanie 52.9% ASIE 45.3% 7.6% 25.9
124 Honduras 52.8% AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 45.7% 7.1% 25.6
125 Barbade 52.8% AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 25.9% 26.9% 40.6
126 Laos 52.6% ASIE 45.0% 7.6% 26.3
127 Espagne 52.6% EUROPE 18.8% 33.8% 47.2
128 Népal 52.5% ASIE 42.2% 10.3% 26.7
129 Biélorussie 52.3% EUROPE 23.5% 28.8% 42.8
130 République Dominicaine 52.2% AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 39.3% 12.9% 29.7
131 Sri Lanka 52.0% ASIE 32.5% 19.5% 34.6
132 Irlande 51.9% EUROPE 26.8% 25.1% 40.2
133 Bangladesh 51.9% ASIE 41.5% 10.4% 27.3
134 Panama 51.8% AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 36.7% 15.1% 31.6
135 Uruguay 51.6% AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 26.5% 25.1% 37.8
136 Arménie 51.3% ASIE 28.3% 23.0% 38.2
137 Nicaragua 51.0% AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 42.1% 8.9% 27.3
138 Malte 50.7% EUROPE 19.2% 31.5% 42.5
139 Islande 50.6% EUROPE 26.1% 24.5% 37.7
140 Suriname 50.5% AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 37.7% 12.8% 29.9
141 Djibouti 50.5% AFRIQUE 42.8% 7.7% 26.3
142 Maroc 50.4% AFRIQUE 37.2% 13.2% 31.1
143 Fidji 50.1% OCÉANIE 39.9% 10.2% 29.3
144 Tunisie 50.1% AFRIQUE 34.6% 15.5% 34.3
145 Argentine 49.9% AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 30.6% 19.3% 34.3
146 Saint-Vincent-et-les-Grenadines 49.5% AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 30.6% 18.9% 35.7
147 Nouvelle calédonie 49.3% OCÉANIE 31.2% 18.1% 35.8
148 Pérou 49.2% AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 34.7% 14.5% 31.6
149 Syrie (République arabe syrienne) 49.0% ASIE 41.6% 7.4% 24.8
150 Afrique du Sud 48.5% AFRIQUE 38.0% 10.5% 29.9
151 Ukraine 48.3% EUROPE 19.9% 28.4% 42.9
152 Salvador 48.1% AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 35.5% 12.6% 29.4
153 Mexique 48.1% AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 35.1% 13.0% 31.0
154 Philippines 47.9% ASIE 39.1% 8.8% 27.6
155 Viet Nam 47.8% ASIE 33.2% 14.6% 34.9
156 Cuba 47.8% AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 21.8% 26.0% 43.6
157 Equateur 47.5% AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 34.4% 13.1% 30.7
158 Curaçao 47.2% AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 20.9% 26.3% 40.0
159 Luxembourg 46.9% EUROPE 23.1% 23.8% 40.8
160 Corée du Nord 46.8% ASIE 27.7% 19.1% 37.8
161 Indonésie 46.3% ASIE 34.9% 11.4% 31.7
162 Libye 46.2% AFRIQUE 38.3% 7.9% 29.1
163 Birmanie (Myanmar) 46.2% ASIE 34.9% 11.3% 31.4
164 Grenade 46.1% AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 27.1% 19.0% 35.9
165 Belize 45.9% AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 38.0% 7.9% 28.3
166 Turquie 45.9% ASIE 30.0% 15.9% 34.9
167 Inde 45.8% ASIE 34.7% 11.1% 30.2
168 Cap vert 45.6% AFRIQUE 34.7% 10.9% 30.5
169 Chypre 45.6% ASIE 23.4% 22.2% 40.1
170 Corée du sud (République de Corée) 45.5% ASIE 14.3% 31.2% 47.3
171 Chili 45.3% AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 23.4% 21.9% 38.5
172 Costa Rica 45.2% AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 25.9% 19.3% 36.7
173 Brésil 45.0% AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 27.7% 17.3% 36.2
174 Thailande 44.4% ASIE 20.3% 24.1% 41.9
175 Trinité-et-Tobago 44.3% AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 24.8% 19.5% 39.2
176 Iran 43.9% ASIE 31.0% 12.9% 35.5
177 Polynésie française 43.8% OCÉANIE 25.7% 18.1% 37.6
178 Colombie 43.7% AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 28.4% 15.3% 34.0
179 Azerbaïdjan 43.6% ASIE 29.6% 14.0% 35.1
180 Antigua-et-Barbuda 43.0% AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 24.6% 18.4% 37.7
181 Chine 42.7% ASIE 21.1% 21.6% 41.7
182 Sahara occidental 42.2% AFRIQUE 32.3% 9.9% 33.8
183 Bahamas 42.2% AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 24.5% 17.7% 36.7
184 Macao RAS (Chine) 41.6% ASIE 19.0% 22.6% 41.4
185 Malaisie 41.2% ASIE 29.4% 11.8% 32.4
186 Mauritius 40.9% AFRIQUE 20.2% 20.7% 39.3
187 Seychelles 40.0% AFRIQUE 27.4% 12.6% 35.6
188 Brunéi Darussalam 38.9% ASIE 28.3% 10.6% 34.2
189 Sainte-Lucie 37.7% AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 23.5% 14.2% 36.1
190 Jamaïque 36.8% AMÉRIQUE LATINE ET CARAIBES 24.5% 12.3% 34.3
191 Oman 36.5% ASIE 32.8% 3.7% 30.8
192 Bhutan 36.2% ASIE 27.0% 9.2% 31.9
193 Arabie Saoudite 36.2% ASIE 31.9% 4.3% 30.6
194 Singapour 36.1% ASIE 16.0% 20.1% 37.9
195 Maldives 31.1% ASIE 24.2% 6.9% 34.4
196 Bahreïn 28.8% ASIE 23.4% 5.4% 34.4
197 Koweït 26.6% ASIE 22.5% 4.1% 35.8
198 Emirats arabes unis 21.5% ASIE 19.3% 2.2% 32.6
199 Qatar 20.1% ASIE 18.0% 2.1% 34.4

Two very different routes to a high dependency ratio

Central African Republic has the world's highest total dependency ratio, at almost 102 dependents for every 100 working-age people — meaning there are slightly more children and elderly combined than there are people of working age to support them. Somalia and D.R. Congo aren't far behind. But these countries get there almost entirely through child dependency: huge young populations relative to a comparatively small working-age base, the same pattern visible in our median age ranking's youngest countries. Monaco is the striking exception at the top of the table, with a total dependency ratio of 100 driven almost entirely by old-age dependency instead — a small, ageing resident population with very few children.

The Gulf outlier

At the opposite end, Qatar, the United Arab Emirates, Kuwait and Bahrain have the lowest dependency ratios in the world, all under 32 dependents per 100 working-age people. This isn't primarily a fertility story — it reflects these countries' very large working-age migrant populations, which inflate the denominator without a matching increase in the number of children or retirees (most migrant workers move without dependents and often return home before retirement). It's a useful reminder that the dependency ratio measures a population's current age structure, not how many people any one household actually supports.

Why this ratio matters

The dependency ratio is a rough proxy for the economic weight each working-age person carries — in taxes, pensions, schooling, and direct family support — even though it says nothing about actual income, productivity or the participation rate of anyone counted as "working age." A rising old-age dependency ratio (visible on our shrinking populations ranking) and a falling child dependency ratio, happening together, is the signature of a population moving through the later stages of the demographic transition: fewer children being born, but a large surviving cohort of retirees still to be supported.

Questions fréquentes

Combien de pays ce classement couvre-t-il ?

Ce tableau couvre 199 pays et territoires, classés à partir des données des Perspectives de la population mondiale des Nations Unies.

Quel pays a le ratio de dépendance le plus élevé ?

République centrafricaine a le ratio de dépendance total le plus élevé, avec 101.9 personnes à charge pour 100 personnes en âge de travailler.

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