Population Pyramids of the World from 1950 to 2100

Belgium Population Pyramid 2023

Belgium
Afghanistan Africa Albania Algeria Angola Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Armenia Aruba Asia Australia Australia/New Zealand Austria Azerbaijan Bahamas Bahrain Bangladesh Barbados Belarus Belgium Belize Benin Bhutan Bolivia (Plurinational State of) Bosnia and Herzegovina Botswana Brazil Brunei Darussalam Bulgaria Burkina Faso Burundi Cabo Verde Cambodia Cameroon Canada Caribbean Central African Republic Central America Central Asia Chad Channel Islands Chile China China, Hong Kong SAR China, Macao SAR Colombia Comoros Congo Costa Rica Croatia Cuba Curaçao Cyprus Czech Republic Côte d'Ivoire Dem. People's Republic of Korea Democratic Republic of the Congo Denmark Djibouti Dominican Republic Eastern Africa Eastern Asia Eastern Europe Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Estonia Ethiopia Europe Fiji Finland France French Guiana French Polynesia Gabon Gambia Georgia Germany Ghana Greece Grenada Guadeloupe Guam Guatemala Guinea Guinea-Bissau Guyana Haiti Honduras Hungary Iceland India Indonesia Iran (Islamic Republic of) Iraq Ireland Israel Italy Jamaica Japan Jordan Kazakhstan Kenya Kiribati Kuwait Kyrgyzstan Lao People's Democratic Republic Latin America and the Caribbean Latvia Least developed countries Lebanon Lesotho Less developed regions Less developed regions, excluding China Less developed regions, excluding least developed countries Liberia Libya Lithuania Luxembourg Madagascar Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali Malta Martinique Mauritania Mauritius Mayotte Melanesia Mexico Micronesia Micronesia (Fed. States of) Middle Africa Mongolia Montenegro More developed regions Morocco Mozambique Myanmar Namibia Nepal Netherlands New Caledonia New Zealand Nicaragua Niger Nigeria Northern Africa Northern America Northern Europe Norway Oceania Oman Other non-specified areas Pakistan Panama Papua New Guinea Paraguay Peru Philippines Poland Polynesia Portugal Puerto Rico Qatar Republic of Korea Republic of Moldova Romania Russian Federation Rwanda Réunion Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Samoa Sao Tome and Principe Saudi Arabia Senegal Serbia Seychelles Sierra Leone Singapore Slovakia Slovenia Solomon Islands Somalia South Africa South America South Sudan South-Central Asia South-Eastern Asia Southern Africa Southern Asia Southern Europe Spain Sri Lanka State of Palestine Sub-Saharan Africa Sudan Suriname Swaziland Sweden Switzerland Syrian Arab Republic TFYR Macedonia Tajikistan Thailand Timor-Leste Togo Tonga Trinidad and Tobago Tunisia Turkey Turkmenistan Uganda Ukraine United Arab Emirates United Kingdom United Republic of Tanzania United States Virgin Islands United States of America Uruguay Uzbekistan Vanuatu Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Viet Nam Western Africa Western Asia Western Europe Western Sahara World Yemen Zambia Zimbabwe
2023
Population: 11,712,892

Year

-5 -1   2023  +1 +5

Country

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z
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Summary

Belgium in 2023

In 2023, Belgium had a total population of 11,712,893 people. Over the previous ten years the population grew by 5.0%, up from 11,160,276 in 2013.

Half of the population was younger than 42.4 years; 16.3% were children under 15 and 20.1% were 65 or older. This is a constrictive pyramid — its base is narrower than its middle, the signature of sustained low birth rates and population ageing.

Ranks #81 of 201 by population Ranks #34 of 201 by median age Ranks #141 of 201 by growth

Share of the population by age group, 1950–2100

Data source: United Nations World Population Prospects, 2024 revision (medium variant) — last updated July 2024.

Key indicators for Belgium
Population
11,712,893
Median age
42.4
0-14 %
16.3%
65+ %
20.1%
Child dependency
25.6
Old-age dependency
31.7
Region
EUROPE
Pyramid shape
Constrictive
Population 2050
11,870,906
Population 2100
11,060,848
What is driving the change
Births per woman
Total fertility rate, 1960–2023
123
1960Replacement level (2.1)2023 · 1.47

In 2023 women in Belgium had on average 1.47 children, below the replacement level of 2.1.

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, latest available year.

Life expectancy at birth
Years, 1960–2023
Total Women Men
60708090
19602023 · 82.4

Life expectancy at birth was 82.4 years in 2023: 84.6 for women and 80.3 for men.

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, latest available year.

People supported per 100 workers
Dependency ratios, 1950–2100
Children Older adults
15304560
19502100
Migration to and from Belgium
Where immigrants come from (2024)

2,185,154 immigrants live in Belgium, 18.6% of the population.

Morocco246,575
France196,995
Netherlands136,488
Romania131,417
Italy116,143
Where emigrants live (2024)

521,575 people born in Belgium live in other countries.

France169,102
Netherlands67,931
Spain55,364
Italy42,866
Turkey40,904
Explore
Immigration statistics Origin of migrant stocks map

Source: United Nations International Migrant Stock 2024.

How Belgium compares with its neighbours
Country Population Median age Relative size
Belgium 11,712,893 42.4
Austria 9,130,429 44.1
Switzerland 8,870,561 43.4
Netherlands 18,092,525 42.4
Luxembourg 665,098 39.9
Frequently asked questions about Belgium's population
What was the population of Belgium in 2023?
In 2023, Belgium's population was 11,712,893.
Is the population of Belgium increasing or decreasing?
Yes, growing: up 5.0% from 2013, with a projected population of 11,870,906 in 2050.
How old is the population of Belgium?
The median age in Belgium is 42.4 years — half the population is younger, half older.
How many children and older people live in Belgium?
20.1% of Belgium's population is 65 or older, and 16.3% is under 15.
What type of population pyramid does Belgium have?
Belgium has a constrictive pyramid: cohorts of children are smaller than those of their parents, reflecting low fertility and an ageing population.

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