Population Pyramids of the World from 1950 to 2100

Belgium Population Pyramid 2040

Belgium
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2040
Population: 11,892,204

Year

-5 -1   2040  +1 +5

Country

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z
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Summary

Belgium in 2040

In 2040, Belgium is projected to have a population of 11,892,204 people. Ten years before, in 2030, the projected population is 11,824,141 — 0.6% lower.

Half of the population would be younger than 45.8 years, with 13.4% children under 15 and 26.2% aged 65 or older. The pyramid is constrictive: cohorts of children are smaller than those of their parents, reflecting low fertility and an ageing population.

Ranks #90 of 201 by population Ranks #42 of 201 by median age Ranks #146 of 201 by growth

Share of the population by age group, 1950–2100

Data source: United Nations World Population Prospects, 2024 revision (medium variant) — last updated July 2024.

Key indicators for Belgium
Population
11,892,204
Median age
45.8
0-14 %
13.4%
65+ %
26.2%
Child dependency
22.1
Old-age dependency
43.4
Region
EUROPE
Pyramid shape
Constrictive
Population 2050
11,870,906
Population 2100
11,060,848
What is driving the change
Births per woman
Total fertility rate, 1960–2023
123
1960Replacement level (2.1)2023 · 1.47

In 2023 women in Belgium had on average 1.47 children, below the replacement level of 2.1.

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, latest available year.

Life expectancy at birth
Years, 1960–2023
Total Women Men
60708090
19602023 · 82.4

Life expectancy at birth was 82.4 years in 2023: 84.6 for women and 80.3 for men.

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, latest available year.

People supported per 100 workers
Dependency ratios, 1950–2100
Children Older adults
15304560
19502100
Migration to and from Belgium
Where immigrants come from (2024)

2,185,154 immigrants live in Belgium, 18.6% of the population.

Morocco246,575
France196,995
Netherlands136,488
Romania131,417
Italy116,143
Where emigrants live (2024)

521,575 people born in Belgium live in other countries.

France169,102
Netherlands67,931
Spain55,364
Italy42,866
Turkey40,904
Explore
Immigration statistics Origin of migrant stocks map

Source: United Nations International Migrant Stock 2024.

How Belgium compares with its neighbours
Country Population Median age Relative size
Belgium 11,892,205 45.8
Switzerland 9,276,179 48.1
Austria 8,934,062 48.8
Netherlands 19,062,983 44.7
Luxembourg 762,673 45.0
Frequently asked questions about Belgium's population
How many people are projected to live in Belgium in 2040?
Belgium is projected to have a population of 11,892,204 in 2040.
Is Belgium's population growing or shrinking?
Belgium's population grew 0.6% over the previous ten years, and is projected to reach 11,870,906 by 2050.
What is the median age in Belgium?
The median age in Belgium is 45.8 years — half the population is younger, half older.
What share of Belgium's population is over 65 or under 15?
In Belgium, 13.4% of people are under 15 and 26.2% are 65 or older.
What type of population pyramid does Belgium have?
Belgium's pyramid is constrictive — narrower at the base than the middle, the signature of sustained low fertility and population ageing.

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