Population Pyramids of the World from 1950 to 2100

Belgium Population Pyramid 2042

Belgium
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2042
Population: 11,898,971

Year

-5 -1   2042  +1 +5

Country

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z
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Summary

Belgium in 2042

United Nations projections (medium variant) put the population of Belgium at 11,898,971 in 2042. Ten years before, in 2032, the projected population is 11,841,124 — 0.5% lower.

With a projected median age of 46.0 years, Belgium would have a youth dependency ratio of 22.5 and an old-age dependency ratio of 44.3 per 100 people of working age. This is a constrictive pyramid — its base is narrower than its middle, the signature of sustained low birth rates and population ageing.

Ranks #90 of 201 by population Ranks #44 of 201 by median age Ranks #147 of 201 by growth

Share of the population by age group, 1950–2100

Data source: United Nations World Population Prospects, 2024 revision (medium variant) — last updated July 2024.

Key indicators for Belgium
Population
11,898,971
Median age
46.0
0-14 %
13.5%
65+ %
26.6%
Child dependency
22.5
Old-age dependency
44.3
Region
EUROPE
Pyramid shape
Constrictive
Population 2050
11,870,906
Population 2100
11,060,848
What is driving the change
Births per woman
Total fertility rate, 1960–2023
123
1960Replacement level (2.1)2023 · 1.47

In 2023 women in Belgium had on average 1.47 children, below the replacement level of 2.1.

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, latest available year.

Life expectancy at birth
Years, 1960–2023
Total Women Men
60708090
19602023 · 82.4

Life expectancy at birth was 82.4 years in 2023: 84.6 for women and 80.3 for men.

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, latest available year.

People supported per 100 workers
Dependency ratios, 1950–2100
Children Older adults
15304560
19502100
Migration to and from Belgium
Where immigrants come from (2024)

2,185,154 immigrants live in Belgium, 18.6% of the population.

Morocco246,575
France196,995
Netherlands136,488
Romania131,417
Italy116,143
Where emigrants live (2024)

521,575 people born in Belgium live in other countries.

France169,102
Netherlands67,931
Spain55,364
Italy42,866
Turkey40,904
Explore
Immigration statistics Origin of migrant stocks map

Source: United Nations International Migrant Stock 2024.

How Belgium compares with its neighbours
Country Population Median age Relative size
Belgium 11,898,971 46.0
Switzerland 9,293,495 48.5
Austria 8,900,674 49.3
Netherlands 19,064,875 45.1
Luxembourg 770,070 45.6
Frequently asked questions about Belgium's population
What will the population of Belgium be in 2042?
UN projections put Belgium's population at 11,898,971 in 2042.
Is the population of Belgium increasing or decreasing?
Belgium's population grew 0.5% over the previous ten years, and is projected to reach 11,870,906 by 2050.
What is the median age in Belgium?
The median age in Belgium is 46.0 years — half the population is younger, half older.
What share of Belgium's population is over 65 or under 15?
In Belgium, 13.5% of people are under 15 and 26.6% are 65 or older.
What shape is Belgium's population pyramid, and what does it mean?
Belgium has a constrictive pyramid: cohorts of children are smaller than those of their parents, reflecting low fertility and an ageing population.

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