Population Pyramids of the World from 1950 to 2100

Canada Population Pyramid 2021

Canada
Afghanistan Africa Albania Algeria Angola Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Armenia Aruba Asia Australia Australia/New Zealand Austria Azerbaijan Bahamas Bahrain Bangladesh Barbados Belarus Belgium Belize Benin Bhutan Bolivia (Plurinational State of) Bosnia and Herzegovina Botswana Brazil Brunei Darussalam Bulgaria Burkina Faso Burundi Cabo Verde Cambodia Cameroon Canada Caribbean Central African Republic Central America Central Asia Chad Channel Islands Chile China China, Hong Kong SAR China, Macao SAR Colombia Comoros Congo Costa Rica Croatia Cuba Curaçao Cyprus Czech Republic Côte d'Ivoire Dem. People's Republic of Korea Democratic Republic of the Congo Denmark Djibouti Dominican Republic Eastern Africa Eastern Asia Eastern Europe Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Estonia Ethiopia Europe Fiji Finland France French Guiana French Polynesia Gabon Gambia Georgia Germany Ghana Greece Grenada Guadeloupe Guam Guatemala Guinea Guinea-Bissau Guyana Haiti Honduras Hungary Iceland India Indonesia Iran (Islamic Republic of) Iraq Ireland Israel Italy Jamaica Japan Jordan Kazakhstan Kenya Kiribati Kuwait Kyrgyzstan Lao People's Democratic Republic Latin America and the Caribbean Latvia Least developed countries Lebanon Lesotho Less developed regions Less developed regions, excluding China Less developed regions, excluding least developed countries Liberia Libya Lithuania Luxembourg Madagascar Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali Malta Martinique Mauritania Mauritius Mayotte Melanesia Mexico Micronesia Micronesia (Fed. States of) Middle Africa Mongolia Montenegro More developed regions Morocco Mozambique Myanmar Namibia Nepal Netherlands New Caledonia New Zealand Nicaragua Niger Nigeria Northern Africa Northern America Northern Europe Norway Oceania Oman Other non-specified areas Pakistan Panama Papua New Guinea Paraguay Peru Philippines Poland Polynesia Portugal Puerto Rico Qatar Republic of Korea Republic of Moldova Romania Russian Federation Rwanda Réunion Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Samoa Sao Tome and Principe Saudi Arabia Senegal Serbia Seychelles Sierra Leone Singapore Slovakia Slovenia Solomon Islands Somalia South Africa South America South Sudan South-Central Asia South-Eastern Asia Southern Africa Southern Asia Southern Europe Spain Sri Lanka State of Palestine Sub-Saharan Africa Sudan Suriname Swaziland Sweden Switzerland Syrian Arab Republic TFYR Macedonia Tajikistan Thailand Timor-Leste Togo Tonga Trinidad and Tobago Tunisia Turkey Turkmenistan Uganda Ukraine United Arab Emirates United Kingdom United Republic of Tanzania United States Virgin Islands United States of America Uruguay Uzbekistan Vanuatu Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Viet Nam Western Africa Western Asia Western Europe Western Sahara World Yemen Zambia Zimbabwe
2021
Population: 38,454,056

Year

-5 -1   2021  +1 +5

Country

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z
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Summary

Canada in 2021

In 2021, Canada had a total population of 38,454,057 people. Over the previous ten years the population grew by 11.3%, up from 34,555,452 in 2011.

Half of the population was younger than 41.1 years; 15.7% were children under 15 and 18.5% were 65 or older. The narrow base of the pyramid marks a constrictive age structure: fertility below replacement level and a rising share of older people.

Ranks #38 of 201 by population Ranks #38 of 201 by median age Ranks #110 of 201 by growth

Share of the population by age group, 1950–2100

Data source: United Nations World Population Prospects, 2024 revision (medium variant) — last updated July 2024.

Key indicators for Canada
Population
38,454,057
Median age
41.1
0-14 %
15.7%
65+ %
18.5%
Child dependency
23.9
Old-age dependency
28.1
Region
NORTHERN AMERICA
Pyramid shape
Constrictive
Population 2050
45,621,882
Population 2100
53,612,235
What is driving the change
Births per woman
Total fertility rate, 1960–2023
1234
1960Replacement level (2.1)2023 · 1.26

In 2023 women in Canada had on average 1.26 children, below the replacement level of 2.1.

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, latest available year.

Life expectancy at birth
Years, 1960–2023
Total Women Men
60708090
19602023 · 81.6

Life expectancy at birth was 81.6 years in 2023: 83.9 for women and 79.5 for men.

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, latest available year.

People supported per 100 workers
Dependency ratios, 1950–2100
Children Older adults
15304560
19502100
Migration to and from Canada
Where immigrants come from (2024)

8,805,571 immigrants live in Canada, 22.2% of the population.

India1,015,630
Philippines835,779
China771,973
United Kingdom427,526
Pakistan266,682
Where emigrants live (2024)

1,341,948 people born in Canada live in other countries.

United States of America950,387
United Kingdom81,845
Australia57,190
Italy23,315
China23,177
Explore
Immigration statistics Origin of migrant stocks map

Source: United Nations International Migrant Stock 2024.

How Canada compares with its neighbours
Country Population Median age Relative size
Canada 38,454,057 41.1
United States of America 340,161,441 38.5
Frequently asked questions about Canada's population
What was the population of Canada in 2021?
In 2021, Canada's population was 38,454,057.
Is the population of Canada increasing or decreasing?
Yes, growing: up 11.3% from 2011, with a projected population of 45,621,882 in 2050.
What is the median age in Canada?
The median age in Canada is 41.1 years — half the population is younger, half older.
What share of Canada's population is over 65 or under 15?
In Canada, 15.7% of people are under 15 and 18.5% are 65 or older.
What shape is Canada's population pyramid, and what does it mean?
Canada's pyramid is constrictive — narrower at the base than the middle, the signature of sustained low fertility and population ageing.

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