Population Pyramids of the World from 1950 to 2100

China Population Pyramid 1954

China
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1954
Population: 590,113,858

Year

-5 -1   1954  +1 +5

Country

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z
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Summary

China in 1954

In 1954, China had a total population of 590,113,859 people. With a median age of 22.1 years, China had a youth dependency ratio of 64.6 and an old-age dependency ratio of 7.8 per 100 people of working age.

The broad-based, expansive shape of the pyramid points to high fertility and strong population growth.

Ranks #1 of 201 by population Ranks #68 of 201 by median age

Share of the population by age group, 1950–2100

Data source: United Nations World Population Prospects, 2024 revision (medium variant) — last updated July 2024.

Key indicators for China
Population
590,113,859
Median age
22.1
0-14 %
37.5%
65+ %
4.5%
Child dependency
64.6
Old-age dependency
7.8
Region
ASIA
Pyramid shape
Expansive
Population 2050
1,260,289,094
Population 2100
633,368,113
What is driving the change
Births per woman
Total fertility rate, 1960–2023
12345678
1960Replacement level (2.1)2023 · 1.0

The fertility rate of China was 1.00 births per woman in 2023, under the 2.1 needed to replace each generation.

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, latest available year.

Life expectancy at birth
Years, 1960–2023
Total Women Men
2030405060708090
19602023 · 78.0

A child born there in 2023 could expect to live 78.0 years on average (80.9 years for girls, 75.2 for boys).

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, latest available year.

People supported per 100 workers
Dependency ratios, 1950–2100
Children Older adults
285582110
19502100
Migration to and from China
Where immigrants come from (2024)

1,565,013 immigrants live in China, 0.1% of the population.

China, Hong Kong SAR421,605
Myanmar367,052
Taiwan170,422
Viet Nam88,254
Republic of Korea65,073
Where emigrants live (2024)

11,696,846 people born in China live in other countries.

China, Hong Kong SAR2,490,414
United States of America2,488,775
Japan809,893
Canada771,973
Republic of Korea756,684
Explore
Immigration statistics Origin of migrant stocks map

Source: United Nations International Migrant Stock 2024.

How China compares with its neighbours
Country Population Median age Relative size
China 590,113,859 22.1
Japan 91,407,673 23.4
Republic of Korea 21,415,573 18.9
Dem. People's Republic of Korea 10,242,802 18.1
Taiwan 8,767,774 18.3
Frequently asked questions about China's population
What was the population of China in 1954?
China had a population of 590,113,859 in 1954.
What is the median age in China?
The median age in China is 22.1 years — half the population is younger, half older.
How many children and older people live in China?
4.5% of China's population is 65 or older, and 37.5% is under 15.
What type of population pyramid does China have?
China has an expansive pyramid: a wide base of young cohorts reflecting high fertility and continued population growth.

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