Population Pyramids of the World from 1950 to 2100

China Population Pyramid 2031

China
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2031
Population: 1,393,748,669

Year

-5 -1   2031  +1 +5

Country

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z
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Summary

China in 2031

In 2031, China is projected to have a population of 1,393,748,669 people. Ten years before, in 2021, the projected population is still 1,426,437,267 — a ten-year decline of 2.3%.

Half of the population would be younger than 44.5 years, with 11.5% children under 15 and 19.2% aged 65 or older. This is a constrictive pyramid — its base is narrower than its middle, the signature of sustained low birth rates and population ageing.

Ranks #2 of 201 by population Ranks #36 of 201 by median age Ranks #171 of 201 by growth

Share of the population by age group, 1950–2100

Data source: United Nations World Population Prospects, 2024 revision (medium variant) — last updated July 2024.

Key indicators for China
Population
1,393,748,669
Median age
44.5
0-14 %
11.5%
65+ %
19.2%
Child dependency
16.6
Old-age dependency
27.7
Region
ASIA
Pyramid shape
Constrictive
Population 2050
1,260,289,094
Population 2100
633,368,113
What is driving the change
Births per woman
Total fertility rate, 1960–2023
12345678
1960Replacement level (2.1)2023 · 1.0

The fertility rate of China was 1.00 births per woman in 2023, under the 2.1 needed to replace each generation.

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, latest available year.

Life expectancy at birth
Years, 1960–2023
Total Women Men
2030405060708090
19602023 · 78.0

A child born there in 2023 could expect to live 78.0 years on average (80.9 years for girls, 75.2 for boys).

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, latest available year.

People supported per 100 workers
Dependency ratios, 1950–2100
Children Older adults
285582110
19502100
Migration to and from China
Where immigrants come from (2024)

1,565,013 immigrants live in China, 0.1% of the population.

China, Hong Kong SAR421,605
Myanmar367,052
Taiwan170,422
Viet Nam88,254
Republic of Korea65,073
Where emigrants live (2024)

11,696,846 people born in China live in other countries.

China, Hong Kong SAR2,490,414
United States of America2,488,775
Japan809,893
Canada771,973
Republic of Korea756,684
Explore
Immigration statistics Origin of migrant stocks map

Source: United Nations International Migrant Stock 2024.

How China compares with its neighbours
Country Population Median age Relative size
China 1,393,748,670 44.5
Japan 118,852,085 52.6
Republic of Korea 51,048,175 50.0
Dem. People's Republic of Korea 26,797,951 39.3
Taiwan 22,477,191 49.4
Frequently asked questions about China's population
How many people are projected to live in China in 2031?
China is projected to have a population of 1,393,748,669 in 2031.
Is China's population growing or shrinking?
Yes, shrinking: down 2.3% from 2021, with a projected population of 1,260,289,094 in 2050.
What is the median age in China?
China's median age is 44.5 years.
What share of China's population is over 65 or under 15?
In China, 11.5% of people are under 15 and 19.2% are 65 or older.
What shape is China's population pyramid, and what does it mean?
China has a constrictive pyramid: cohorts of children are smaller than those of their parents, reflecting low fertility and an ageing population.

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