Population Pyramids of the World from 1950 to 2100

China Population Pyramid 2039

China
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2039
Population: 1,349,394,717

Year

-5 -1   2039  +1 +5

Country

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z
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Summary

China in 2039

United Nations projections (medium variant) put the population of China at 1,349,394,717 in 2039. Compared with 2029, when the projection stands at 1,402,282,753, that represents a decline of 3.8% over ten years.

Half of the population would be younger than 48.9 years, with 9.3% children under 15 and 26.0% aged 65 or older. The pyramid is constrictive: cohorts of children are smaller than those of their parents, reflecting low fertility and an ageing population.

Ranks #2 of 201 by population Ranks #18 of 201 by median age Ranks #170 of 201 by growth

Share of the population by age group, 1950–2100

Data source: United Nations World Population Prospects, 2024 revision (medium variant) — last updated July 2024.

Key indicators for China
Population
1,349,394,717
Median age
48.9
0-14 %
9.3%
65+ %
26.0%
Child dependency
14.4
Old-age dependency
40.3
Region
ASIA
Pyramid shape
Constrictive
Population 2050
1,260,289,094
Population 2100
633,368,113
What is driving the change
Births per woman
Total fertility rate, 1960–2023
12345678
1960Replacement level (2.1)2023 · 1.0

The fertility rate of China was 1.00 births per woman in 2023, under the 2.1 needed to replace each generation.

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, latest available year.

Life expectancy at birth
Years, 1960–2023
Total Women Men
2030405060708090
19602023 · 78.0

A child born there in 2023 could expect to live 78.0 years on average (80.9 years for girls, 75.2 for boys).

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, latest available year.

People supported per 100 workers
Dependency ratios, 1950–2100
Children Older adults
285582110
19502100
Migration to and from China
Where immigrants come from (2024)

1,565,013 immigrants live in China, 0.1% of the population.

China, Hong Kong SAR421,605
Myanmar367,052
Taiwan170,422
Viet Nam88,254
Republic of Korea65,073
Where emigrants live (2024)

11,696,846 people born in China live in other countries.

China, Hong Kong SAR2,490,414
United States of America2,488,775
Japan809,893
Canada771,973
Republic of Korea756,684
Explore
Immigration statistics Origin of migrant stocks map

Source: United Nations International Migrant Stock 2024.

How China compares with its neighbours
Country Population Median age Relative size
China 1,349,394,718 48.9
Japan 112,894,532 53.9
Republic of Korea 49,251,889 53.9
Dem. People's Republic of Korea 26,596,979 41.8
Taiwan 21,413,102 53.5
Frequently asked questions about China's population
What will the population of China be in 2039?
UN projections put China's population at 1,349,394,717 in 2039.
Is the population of China increasing or decreasing?
China's population declined 3.8% over the previous ten years, and is projected to reach 1,260,289,094 by 2050.
What is the median age in China?
The median age in China is 48.9 years — half the population is younger, half older.
What share of China's population is over 65 or under 15?
In China, 9.3% of people are under 15 and 26.0% are 65 or older.
What type of population pyramid does China have?
China's pyramid is constrictive — narrower at the base than the middle, the signature of sustained low fertility and population ageing.

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