Population Pyramids of the World from 1950 to 2100

Estonia Population Pyramid 1991

Estonia
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1991
Population: 1,565,383

Year

-5 -1   1991  +1 +5

Country

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z
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Summary

Estonia in 1991

As of 1991, Estonia counted 1,565,384 inhabitants. Over the previous ten years the population grew by 5.4%, up from 1,485,339 in 1981.

With a median age of 34.6 years, Estonia had a youth dependency ratio of 33.5 and an old-age dependency ratio of 17.9 per 100 people of working age. This is a stationary pyramid — similar numbers in each age group up to the older cohorts, the signature of near-replacement fertility.

Ranks #145 of 201 by population Ranks #22 of 201 by median age Ranks #165 of 201 by growth

Share of the population by age group, 1950–2100

Data source: United Nations World Population Prospects, 2024 revision (medium variant) — last updated July 2024.

Key indicators for Estonia
Population
1,565,384
Median age
34.6
0-14 %
22.1%
65+ %
11.8%
Child dependency
33.5
Old-age dependency
17.9
Region
EUROPE
Pyramid shape
Stationary
Population 2050
1,174,268
Population 2100
825,503
What is driving the change
Births per woman
Total fertility rate, 1960–2023
123
1960Replacement level (2.1)2023 · 1.31

The fertility rate of Estonia was 1.31 births per woman in 2023, under the 2.1 needed to replace each generation.

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, latest available year.

Life expectancy at birth
Years, 1960–2023
Total Women Men
5060708090
19602023 · 78.5

Life expectancy at birth was 78.5 years in 2023: 83.1 for women and 74.1 for men.

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, latest available year.

People supported per 100 workers
Dependency ratios, 1950–2100
Children Older adults
18355270
19502100
Migration to and from Estonia
Where immigrants come from (2024)

203,017 immigrants live in Estonia, 14.9% of the population.

Russian Federation121,354
Ukraine24,628
Belarus10,721
Latvia6,143
Finland6,040
Where emigrants live (2024)

124,215 people born in Estonia live in other countries.

Finland55,655
Russian Federation24,906
Ukraine10,531
Sweden9,461
Norway5,273
Explore
Immigration statistics Origin of migrant stocks map

Source: United Nations International Migrant Stock 2024.

How Estonia compares with its neighbours
Country Population Median age Relative size
Estonia 1,565,384 34.6
Latvia 2,648,940 34.8
Iceland 257,812 30.2
Ireland 3,534,260 29.6
Lithuania 3,701,408 32.9
Frequently asked questions about Estonia's population
What was the population of Estonia in 1991?
Estonia had a population of 1,565,384 in 1991.
Is the population of Estonia increasing or decreasing?
Yes, growing: up 5.4% from 1981, with a projected population of 1,174,268 in 2050.
How old is the population of Estonia?
Estonia's median age is 34.6 years.
How many children and older people live in Estonia?
In Estonia, 22.1% of people are under 15 and 11.8% are 65 or older.
What shape is Estonia's population pyramid, and what does it mean?
Estonia's pyramid is stationary — similar-sized cohorts through the younger ages, the signature of near-replacement fertility.

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