Population Pyramids of the World from 1950 to 2100

Estonia Population Pyramid 1997

Estonia
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1997
Population: 1,421,496

Year

-5 -1   1997  +1 +5

Country

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z
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Summary

Estonia in 1997

As of 1997, Estonia counted 1,421,496 inhabitants. That is 8.1% less than in 1987, when the population stood at 1,547,255.

The median age was 37.0 years, and for every 100 people of working age (15–64) there were 30.0 children under 15 and 21.7 people aged 65 or over. This is a stationary pyramid — similar numbers in each age group up to the older cohorts, the signature of near-replacement fertility.

Ranks #148 of 201 by population Ranks #16 of 201 by median age Ranks #197 of 201 by growth

Share of the population by age group, 1950–2100

Data source: United Nations World Population Prospects, 2024 revision (medium variant) — last updated July 2024.

Key indicators for Estonia
Population
1,421,496
Median age
37.0
0-14 %
19.8%
65+ %
14.3%
Child dependency
30.0
Old-age dependency
21.7
Region
EUROPE
Pyramid shape
Stationary
Population 2050
1,174,268
Population 2100
825,503
What is driving the change
Births per woman
Total fertility rate, 1960–2023
123
1960Replacement level (2.1)2023 · 1.31

The fertility rate of Estonia was 1.31 births per woman in 2023, under the 2.1 needed to replace each generation.

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, latest available year.

Life expectancy at birth
Years, 1960–2023
Total Women Men
5060708090
19602023 · 78.5

Life expectancy at birth was 78.5 years in 2023: 83.1 for women and 74.1 for men.

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, latest available year.

People supported per 100 workers
Dependency ratios, 1950–2100
Children Older adults
18355270
19502100
Migration to and from Estonia
Where immigrants come from (2024)

203,017 immigrants live in Estonia, 14.9% of the population.

Russian Federation121,354
Ukraine24,628
Belarus10,721
Latvia6,143
Finland6,040
Where emigrants live (2024)

124,215 people born in Estonia live in other countries.

Finland55,655
Russian Federation24,906
Ukraine10,531
Sweden9,461
Norway5,273
Explore
Immigration statistics Origin of migrant stocks map

Source: United Nations International Migrant Stock 2024.

How Estonia compares with its neighbours
Country Population Median age Relative size
Estonia 1,421,496 37.0
Latvia 2,433,231 36.9
Iceland 271,185 32.1
Lithuania 3,573,409 34.8
Ireland 3,672,293 31.6
Frequently asked questions about Estonia's population
What was the population of Estonia in 1997?
In 1997, Estonia's population was 1,421,496.
Is the population of Estonia increasing or decreasing?
Yes, shrinking: down 8.1% from 1987, with a projected population of 1,174,268 in 2050.
What is the median age in Estonia?
The median age in Estonia is 37.0 years — half the population is younger, half older.
What share of Estonia's population is over 65 or under 15?
14.3% of Estonia's population is 65 or older, and 19.8% is under 15.
What shape is Estonia's population pyramid, and what does it mean?
Estonia has a stationary pyramid: cohort sizes are roughly even through the younger ages, reflecting fertility close to replacement level.

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