Estonia Population Pyramid 2025
Estonia
Afghanistan
Africa
Albania
Algeria
Angola
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
Armenia
Aruba
Asia
Australia
Australia/New Zealand
Austria
Azerbaijan
Bahamas
Bahrain
Bangladesh
Barbados
Belarus
Belgium
Belize
Benin
Bhutan
Bolivia (Plurinational State of)
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Botswana
Brazil
Brunei Darussalam
Bulgaria
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cabo Verde
Cambodia
Cameroon
Canada
Caribbean
Central African Republic
Central America
Central Asia
Chad
Channel Islands
Chile
China
China, Hong Kong SAR
China, Macao SAR
Colombia
Comoros
Congo
Costa Rica
Croatia
Cuba
Curaçao
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Côte d'Ivoire
Dem. People's Republic of Korea
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Denmark
Djibouti
Dominican Republic
Eastern Africa
Eastern Asia
Eastern Europe
Ecuador
Egypt
El Salvador
Equatorial Guinea
Eritrea
Estonia
Ethiopia
Europe
Fiji
Finland
France
French Guiana
French Polynesia
Gabon
Gambia
Georgia
Germany
Ghana
Greece
Grenada
Guadeloupe
Guam
Guatemala
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Hungary
Iceland
India
Indonesia
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Iraq
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Jamaica
Japan
Jordan
Kazakhstan
Kenya
Kiribati
Kuwait
Kyrgyzstan
Lao People's Democratic Republic
Latin America and the Caribbean
Latvia
Least developed countries
Lebanon
Lesotho
Less developed regions
Less developed regions, excluding China
Less developed regions, excluding least developed countries
Liberia
Libya
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Madagascar
Malawi
Malaysia
Maldives
Mali
Malta
Martinique
Mauritania
Mauritius
Mayotte
Melanesia
Mexico
Micronesia
Micronesia (Fed. States of)
Middle Africa
Mongolia
Montenegro
More developed regions
Morocco
Mozambique
Myanmar
Namibia
Nepal
Netherlands
New Caledonia
New Zealand
Nicaragua
Niger
Nigeria
Northern Africa
Northern America
Northern Europe
Norway
Oceania
Oman
Other non-specified areas
Pakistan
Panama
Papua New Guinea
Paraguay
Peru
Philippines
Poland
Polynesia
Portugal
Puerto Rico
Qatar
Republic of Korea
Republic of Moldova
Romania
Russian Federation
Rwanda
Réunion
Saint Lucia
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Samoa
Sao Tome and Principe
Saudi Arabia
Senegal
Serbia
Seychelles
Sierra Leone
Singapore
Slovakia
Slovenia
Solomon Islands
Somalia
South Africa
South America
South Sudan
South-Central Asia
South-Eastern Asia
Southern Africa
Southern Asia
Southern Europe
Spain
Sri Lanka
State of Palestine
Sub-Saharan Africa
Sudan
Suriname
Swaziland
Sweden
Switzerland
Syrian Arab Republic
TFYR Macedonia
Tajikistan
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Togo
Tonga
Trinidad and Tobago
Tunisia
Turkey
Turkmenistan
Uganda
Ukraine
United Arab Emirates
United Kingdom
United Republic of Tanzania
United States Virgin Islands
United States of America
Uruguay
Uzbekistan
Vanuatu
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
Viet Nam
Western Africa
Western Asia
Western Europe
Western Sahara
World
Yemen
Zambia
Zimbabwe
2025
Population:
1,344,231
Summary
Estonia in 2025
In 2025, Estonia had a total population of 1,344,232 people. Over the previous ten years the population grew by 2.3%, up from 1,314,576 in 2015.
The median age was 43.8 years, and for every 100 people of working age (15–64) there were 24.2 children under 15 and 34.6 people aged 65 or over. The narrow base of the pyramid marks a constrictive age structure: fertility below replacement level and a rising share of older people.
Data source: United Nations World Population Prospects, 2024 revision (medium variant) — last updated July 2024.
Key indicators for Estonia
Population
1,344,232
Median age
43.8
0-14 %
15.3%
65+ %
21.8%
Child dependency
24.2
Old-age dependency
34.6
Region
Pyramid shape
Population 2050
1,174,268
Population 2100
825,503
What is driving the change
Births per woman
Total fertility rate, 1960–2023
123
1960Replacement level (2.1)2023 · 1.31
The fertility rate of Estonia was 1.31 births per woman in 2023, under the 2.1 needed to replace each generation.
Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, latest available year.
Life expectancy at birth
Years, 1960–2023
Total
Women
Men
5060708090
19602023 · 78.5
Life expectancy at birth was 78.5 years in 2023: 83.1 for women and 74.1 for men.
Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, latest available year.
People supported per 100 workers
Dependency ratios, 1950–2100
Children
Older adults
18355270
19502100
Migration to and from Estonia
Where immigrants come from (2024)
203,017 immigrants live in Estonia, 14.9% of the population.
| Russian Federation | 121,354 |
| Ukraine | 24,628 |
| Belarus | 10,721 |
| Latvia | 6,143 |
| Finland | 6,040 |
Where emigrants live (2024)
124,215 people born in Estonia live in other countries.
| Finland | 55,655 |
| Russian Federation | 24,906 |
| Ukraine | 10,531 |
| Sweden | 9,461 |
| Norway | 5,273 |
Explore
Immigration statistics
Origin of migrant stocks map
Source: United Nations International Migrant Stock 2024.
How Estonia compares with its neighbours
| Country | Population | Median age | Relative size |
|---|---|---|---|
| Estonia | 1,344,232 | 43.8 | |
| Latvia | 1,853,559 | 44.6 | |
| Iceland | 398,266 | 37.4 | |
| Lithuania | 2,830,145 | 43.4 | |
| Ireland | 5,308,039 | 40.0 |
Frequently asked questions about Estonia's population
How many people lived in Estonia in 2025?
In 2025, Estonia's population was 1,344,232.
Is the population of Estonia increasing or decreasing?
Yes, growing: up 2.3% from 2015, with a projected population of 1,174,268 in 2050.
How old is the population of Estonia?
The median age in Estonia is 43.8 years — half the population is younger, half older.
How many children and older people live in Estonia?
21.8% of Estonia's population is 65 or older, and 15.3% is under 15.
What type of population pyramid does Estonia have?
Estonia's pyramid is constrictive — narrower at the base than the middle, the signature of sustained low fertility and population ageing.
