Estonia Population Pyramid 2043
Estonia
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Other non-specified areas
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Republic of Korea
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Romania
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2043
Population:
1,218,543
Summary
Estonia in 2043
United Nations projections (medium variant) put the population of Estonia at 1,218,544 in 2043. That would be 4.9% less than in 2033 (1,281,803).
With a projected median age of 49.9 years, Estonia would have a youth dependency ratio of 20.2 and an old-age dependency ratio of 45.4 per 100 people of working age. This is a constrictive pyramid — its base is narrower than its middle, the signature of sustained low birth rates and population ageing.
Data source: United Nations World Population Prospects, 2024 revision (medium variant) — last updated July 2024.
Key indicators for Estonia
Population
1,218,544
Median age
49.9
0-14 %
12.2%
65+ %
27.4%
Child dependency
20.2
Old-age dependency
45.4
Region
Pyramid shape
Population 2050
1,174,268
Population 2100
825,503
What is driving the change
Births per woman
Total fertility rate, 1960–2023
123
1960Replacement level (2.1)2023 · 1.31
The fertility rate of Estonia was 1.31 births per woman in 2023, under the 2.1 needed to replace each generation.
Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, latest available year.
Life expectancy at birth
Years, 1960–2023
Total
Women
Men
5060708090
19602023 · 78.5
Life expectancy at birth was 78.5 years in 2023: 83.1 for women and 74.1 for men.
Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, latest available year.
People supported per 100 workers
Dependency ratios, 1950–2100
Children
Older adults
18355270
19502100
Migration to and from Estonia
Where immigrants come from (2024)
203,017 immigrants live in Estonia, 14.9% of the population.
| Russian Federation | 121,354 |
| Ukraine | 24,628 |
| Belarus | 10,721 |
| Latvia | 6,143 |
| Finland | 6,040 |
Where emigrants live (2024)
124,215 people born in Estonia live in other countries.
| Finland | 55,655 |
| Russian Federation | 24,906 |
| Ukraine | 10,531 |
| Sweden | 9,461 |
| Norway | 5,273 |
Explore
Immigration statistics
Origin of migrant stocks map
Source: United Nations International Migrant Stock 2024.
How Estonia compares with its neighbours
| Country | Population | Median age | Relative size |
|---|---|---|---|
| Estonia | 1,218,544 | 49.9 | |
| Latvia | 1,602,639 | 49.5 | |
| Iceland | 431,585 | 44.1 | |
| Lithuania | 2,416,940 | 49.5 | |
| Finland | 5,443,570 | 47.3 |
Frequently asked questions about Estonia's population
How many people are projected to live in Estonia in 2043?
Estonia is projected to have a population of 1,218,544 in 2043.
Is the population of Estonia increasing or decreasing?
Estonia's population declined 4.9% over the previous ten years, and is projected to reach 1,174,268 by 2050.
What is the median age in Estonia?
Estonia's median age is 49.9 years.
How many children and older people live in Estonia?
27.4% of Estonia's population is 65 or older, and 12.2% is under 15.
What type of population pyramid does Estonia have?
Estonia has a constrictive pyramid: cohorts of children are smaller than those of their parents, reflecting low fertility and an ageing population.
