Population Pyramids of the World from 1950 to 2100

Estonia Population Pyramid 2098

Estonia
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2098
Population: 836,560

Year

-5 -1   2098  +1 +5

Country

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z
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Summary

Estonia in 2098

In 2098, Estonia is projected to have a population of 836,560 people. Ten years before, in 2088, the projected population is still 892,459 — a ten-year decline of 6.3%.

The median age is projected at 52.8 years, with 22.2 children under 15 and 66.7 people aged 65 or over for every 100 people of working age (15–64). The narrow base of the pyramid marks a constrictive age structure: fertility below replacement level and a rising share of older people.

Ranks #166 of 201 by population Ranks #36 of 201 by median age Ranks #155 of 201 by growth

Share of the population by age group, 1950–2100

Data source: United Nations World Population Prospects, 2024 revision (medium variant) — last updated July 2024.

Key indicators for Estonia
Population
836,560
Median age
52.8
0-14 %
11.8%
65+ %
35.3%
Child dependency
22.2
Old-age dependency
66.7
Region
EUROPE
Pyramid shape
Constrictive
Population 2050
1,174,268
Population 2100
825,503
What is driving the change
Births per woman
Total fertility rate, 1960–2023
123
1960Replacement level (2.1)2023 · 1.31

The fertility rate of Estonia was 1.31 births per woman in 2023, under the 2.1 needed to replace each generation.

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, latest available year.

Life expectancy at birth
Years, 1960–2023
Total Women Men
5060708090
19602023 · 78.5

Life expectancy at birth was 78.5 years in 2023: 83.1 for women and 74.1 for men.

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, latest available year.

People supported per 100 workers
Dependency ratios, 1950–2100
Children Older adults
18355270
19502100
Migration to and from Estonia
Where immigrants come from (2024)

203,017 immigrants live in Estonia, 14.9% of the population.

Russian Federation121,354
Ukraine24,628
Belarus10,721
Latvia6,143
Finland6,040
Where emigrants live (2024)

124,215 people born in Estonia live in other countries.

Finland55,655
Russian Federation24,906
Ukraine10,531
Sweden9,461
Norway5,273
Explore
Immigration statistics Origin of migrant stocks map

Source: United Nations International Migrant Stock 2024.

How Estonia compares with its neighbours
Country Population Median age Relative size
Estonia 836,561 52.8
Latvia 944,438 54.0
Lithuania 1,240,218 56.3
Iceland 366,201 52.4
Finland 4,633,581 51.4
Frequently asked questions about Estonia's population
What will the population of Estonia be in 2098?
Estonia is projected to have a population of 836,560 in 2098.
Is Estonia's population growing or shrinking?
Yes, shrinking: down 6.3% from 2088, with a projected population of 1,174,268 in 2050.
What is the median age in Estonia?
The median age in Estonia is 52.8 years — half the population is younger, half older.
How many children and older people live in Estonia?
35.3% of Estonia's population is 65 or older, and 11.8% is under 15.
What shape is Estonia's population pyramid, and what does it mean?
Estonia has a constrictive pyramid: cohorts of children are smaller than those of their parents, reflecting low fertility and an ageing population.

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