Population Pyramids of the World from 1950 to 2100

India Population Pyramid 1991

India
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1991
Population: 883,927,600

Year

-5 -1   1991  +1 +5

Country

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z
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Summary

India in 1991

As of 1991, India counted 883,927,600 inhabitants. A decade earlier, in 1981, the population was 703,696,249; it has grown by 25.6% since.

With a median age of 20.8 years, India had a youth dependency ratio of 66.6 and an old-age dependency ratio of 7.0 per 100 people of working age. The pyramid is expansive: its wide base of young cohorts reflects high fertility and a rapidly growing population.

Ranks #2 of 201 by population Ranks #106 of 201 by median age Ranks #84 of 201 by growth

Share of the population by age group, 1950–2100

Data source: United Nations World Population Prospects, 2024 revision (medium variant) — last updated July 2024.

Key indicators for India
Population
883,927,600
Median age
20.8
0-14 %
38.4%
65+ %
4.1%
Child dependency
66.6
Old-age dependency
7.0
Region
ASIA
Pyramid shape
Expansive
Population 2050
1,679,589,259
Population 2100
1,505,251,761
What is driving the change
Births per woman
Total fertility rate, 1960–2023
123456
1960Replacement level (2.1)2023 · 1.98

In 2023 women in India had on average 1.98 children, below the replacement level of 2.1.

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, latest available year.

Life expectancy at birth
Years, 1960–2023
Total Women Men
4050607080
19602023 · 72.0

A child born there in 2023 could expect to live 72.0 years on average (73.6 years for girls, 70.5 for boys).

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, latest available year.

People supported per 100 workers
Dependency ratios, 1950–2100
Children Older adults
20406080
19502100
Migration to and from India
Where immigrants come from (2024)

4,346,401 immigrants live in India, 0.3% of the population.

Bangladesh2,293,959
Pakistan768,138
Nepal663,518
Sri Lanka253,869
Myanmar132,598
Where emigrants live (2024)

18,531,439 people born in India live in other countries.

United Arab Emirates3,248,545
United States of America3,165,238
Saudi Arabia1,953,496
Pakistan1,597,134
Kuwait1,231,094
Explore
Immigration statistics Origin of migrant stocks map

Source: United Nations International Migrant Stock 2024.

How India compares with its neighbours
Country Population Median age Relative size
India 883,927,601 20.8
Pakistan 120,060,407 18.0
Bangladesh 113,787,109 18.7
Iran 59,986,931 18.3
Nepal 20,036,501 19.2
Frequently asked questions about India's population
What was the population of India in 1991?
In 1991, India's population was 883,927,600.
Is India's population growing or shrinking?
India's population grew 25.6% over the previous ten years, and is projected to reach 1,679,589,259 by 2050.
What is the median age in India?
The median age in India is 20.8 years — half the population is younger, half older.
What share of India's population is over 65 or under 15?
4.1% of India's population is 65 or older, and 38.4% is under 15.
What type of population pyramid does India have?
India's pyramid is expansive — broad at the bottom, the signature of high birth rates and a growing population.

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