Population Pyramids of the World from 1950 to 2100

Japan Population Pyramid 2031

Japan
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2031
Population: 118,852,084

Year

-5 -1   2031  +1 +5

Country

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z
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Summary

Japan in 2031

By 2031, the population of Japan is expected to reach 118,852,085. That would be 5.4% less than in 2021 (125,679,338).

The median age is projected at 52.6 years, with 17.6 children under 15 and 53.6 people aged 65 or over for every 100 people of working age (15–64). The narrow base of the pyramid marks a constrictive age structure: fertility below replacement level and a rising share of older people.

Ranks #15 of 201 by population Ranks #1 of 201 by median age Ranks #186 of 201 by growth

Share of the population by age group, 1950–2100

Data source: United Nations World Population Prospects, 2024 revision (medium variant) — last updated July 2024.

Key indicators for Japan
Population
118,852,085
Median age
52.6
0-14 %
10.3%
65+ %
31.3%
Child dependency
17.6
Old-age dependency
53.6
Region
ASIA
Pyramid shape
Constrictive
Population 2050
105,123,168
Population 2100
76,845,989
What is driving the change
Births per woman
Total fertility rate, 1960–2023
123
1960Replacement level (2.1)2023 · 1.2

In 2023 women in Japan had on average 1.20 children, below the replacement level of 2.1.

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, latest available year.

Life expectancy at birth
Years, 1960–2023
Total Women Men
60708090
19602023 · 84.0

Life expectancy at birth was 84.0 years in 2023: 87.1 for women and 81.1 for men.

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, latest available year.

People supported per 100 workers
Dependency ratios, 1950–2100
Children Older adults
20406080
19502100
Migration to and from Japan
Where immigrants come from (2024)

3,409,328 immigrants live in Japan, 2.8% of the population.

China809,893
Viet Nam589,874
Republic of Korea393,944
Philippines319,772
Brazil207,220
Where emigrants live (2024)

1,007,411 people born in Japan live in other countries.

United States of America547,444
Thailand104,515
Australia53,094
Brazil52,758
China40,436
Explore
Immigration statistics Origin of migrant stocks map

Source: United Nations International Migrant Stock 2024.

How Japan compares with its neighbours
Country Population Median age Relative size
Japan 118,852,085 52.6
Republic of Korea 51,048,175 50.0
Dem. People's Republic of Korea 26,797,951 39.3
Taiwan 22,477,191 49.4
China, Hong Kong SAR 7,211,724 52.1
Frequently asked questions about Japan's population
What will the population of Japan be in 2031?
UN projections put Japan's population at 118,852,085 in 2031.
Is the population of Japan increasing or decreasing?
Yes, shrinking: down 5.4% from 2021, with a projected population of 105,123,168 in 2050.
What is the median age in Japan?
The median age in Japan is 52.6 years — half the population is younger, half older.
What share of Japan's population is over 65 or under 15?
In Japan, 10.3% of people are under 15 and 31.3% are 65 or older.
What shape is Japan's population pyramid, and what does it mean?
Japan's pyramid is constrictive — narrower at the base than the middle, the signature of sustained low fertility and population ageing.

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