Population Pyramids of the World from 1950 to 2100

Mongolia Population Pyramid 1990

Mongolia
Afghanistan Africa Albania Algeria Angola Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Armenia Aruba Asia Australia Australia/New Zealand Austria Azerbaijan Bahamas Bahrain Bangladesh Barbados Belarus Belgium Belize Benin Bhutan Bolivia (Plurinational State of) Bosnia and Herzegovina Botswana Brazil Brunei Darussalam Bulgaria Burkina Faso Burundi Cabo Verde Cambodia Cameroon Canada Caribbean Central African Republic Central America Central Asia Chad Channel Islands Chile China China, Hong Kong SAR China, Macao SAR Colombia Comoros Congo Costa Rica Croatia Cuba Curaçao Cyprus Czech Republic Côte d'Ivoire Dem. People's Republic of Korea Democratic Republic of the Congo Denmark Djibouti Dominican Republic Eastern Africa Eastern Asia Eastern Europe Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Estonia Ethiopia Europe Fiji Finland France French Guiana French Polynesia Gabon Gambia Georgia Germany Ghana Greece Grenada Guadeloupe Guam Guatemala Guinea Guinea-Bissau Guyana Haiti Honduras Hungary Iceland India Indonesia Iran (Islamic Republic of) Iraq Ireland Israel Italy Jamaica Japan Jordan Kazakhstan Kenya Kiribati Kuwait Kyrgyzstan Lao People's Democratic Republic Latin America and the Caribbean Latvia Least developed countries Lebanon Lesotho Less developed regions Less developed regions, excluding China Less developed regions, excluding least developed countries Liberia Libya Lithuania Luxembourg Madagascar Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali Malta Martinique Mauritania Mauritius Mayotte Melanesia Mexico Micronesia Micronesia (Fed. States of) Middle Africa Mongolia Montenegro More developed regions Morocco Mozambique Myanmar Namibia Nepal Netherlands New Caledonia New Zealand Nicaragua Niger Nigeria Northern Africa Northern America Northern Europe Norway Oceania Oman Other non-specified areas Pakistan Panama Papua New Guinea Paraguay Peru Philippines Poland Polynesia Portugal Puerto Rico Qatar Republic of Korea Republic of Moldova Romania Russian Federation Rwanda Réunion Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Samoa Sao Tome and Principe Saudi Arabia Senegal Serbia Seychelles Sierra Leone Singapore Slovakia Slovenia Solomon Islands Somalia South Africa South America South Sudan South-Central Asia South-Eastern Asia Southern Africa Southern Asia Southern Europe Spain Sri Lanka State of Palestine Sub-Saharan Africa Sudan Suriname Swaziland Sweden Switzerland Syrian Arab Republic TFYR Macedonia Tajikistan Thailand Timor-Leste Togo Tonga Trinidad and Tobago Tunisia Turkey Turkmenistan Uganda Ukraine United Arab Emirates United Kingdom United Republic of Tanzania United States Virgin Islands United States of America Uruguay Uzbekistan Vanuatu Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Viet Nam Western Africa Western Asia Western Europe Western Sahara World Yemen Zambia Zimbabwe
1990
Population: 2,164,573

Year

-5 -1   1990  +1 +5

Country

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z
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Summary

Mongolia in 1990

In 1990, Mongolia had a total population of 2,164,574 people. A decade earlier, in 1980, the population was 1,701,336; it has grown by 27.2% since.

With a median age of 19.0 years, Mongolia had a youth dependency ratio of 75.4 and an old-age dependency ratio of 7.0 per 100 people of working age. The broad-based, expansive shape of the pyramid points to high fertility and strong population growth.

Ranks #136 of 201 by population Ranks #126 of 201 by median age Ranks #78 of 201 by growth

Share of the population by age group, 1950–2100

Data source: United Nations World Population Prospects, 2024 revision (medium variant) — last updated July 2024.

Key indicators for Mongolia
Population
2,164,574
Median age
19.0
0-14 %
41.4%
65+ %
3.8%
Child dependency
75.4
Old-age dependency
7.0
Region
ASIA
Pyramid shape
Expansive
Population 2050
4,501,493
Population 2100
5,519,345
What is driving the change
Births per woman
Total fertility rate, 1960–2023
12345678
1960Replacement level (2.1)2023 · 2.7

The fertility rate of Mongolia was 2.70 births per woman in 2023, above the 2.1 needed to replace each generation.

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, latest available year.

Life expectancy at birth
Years, 1960–2023
Total Women Men
304050607080
19602023 · 72.1

Life expectancy at birth was 72.1 years in 2023: 76.8 for women and 67.6 for men.

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, latest available year.

People supported per 100 workers
Dependency ratios, 1950–2100
Children Older adults
255075100
19502100
Migration to and from Mongolia
Where immigrants come from (2024)

21,818 immigrants live in Mongolia, 0.6% of the population.

China12,085
Russian Federation3,420
Republic of Korea2,103
United States of America906
Dem. People's Republic of Korea718
Where emigrants live (2024)

175,596 people born in Mongolia live in other countries.

Kazakhstan75,801
Republic of Korea45,698
Japan20,179
Australia11,188
Sweden6,866
Explore
Immigration statistics Origin of migrant stocks map

Source: United Nations International Migrant Stock 2024.

How Mongolia compares with its neighbours
Country Population Median age Relative size
Mongolia 2,164,574 19.0
China, Macao SAR 351,123 28.4
China, Hong Kong SAR 5,560,597 31.0
Taiwan 20,594,906 27.1
Dem. People's Republic of Korea 21,112,137 26.0
Frequently asked questions about Mongolia's population
How many people lived in Mongolia in 1990?
Mongolia had a population of 2,164,574 in 1990.
Is the population of Mongolia increasing or decreasing?
Yes, growing: up 27.2% from 1980, with a projected population of 4,501,493 in 2050.
How old is the population of Mongolia?
The median age in Mongolia is 19.0 years — half the population is younger, half older.
How many children and older people live in Mongolia?
In Mongolia, 41.4% of people are under 15 and 3.8% are 65 or older.
What shape is Mongolia's population pyramid, and what does it mean?
Mongolia has an expansive pyramid: a wide base of young cohorts reflecting high fertility and continued population growth.

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