Population Pyramids of the World from 1950 to 2100

Mongolia Population Pyramid 2019

Mongolia
Afghanistan Africa Albania Algeria Angola Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Armenia Aruba Asia Australia Australia/New Zealand Austria Azerbaijan Bahamas Bahrain Bangladesh Barbados Belarus Belgium Belize Benin Bhutan Bolivia (Plurinational State of) Bosnia and Herzegovina Botswana Brazil Brunei Darussalam Bulgaria Burkina Faso Burundi Cabo Verde Cambodia Cameroon Canada Caribbean Central African Republic Central America Central Asia Chad Channel Islands Chile China China, Hong Kong SAR China, Macao SAR Colombia Comoros Congo Costa Rica Croatia Cuba Curaçao Cyprus Czech Republic Côte d'Ivoire Dem. People's Republic of Korea Democratic Republic of the Congo Denmark Djibouti Dominican Republic Eastern Africa Eastern Asia Eastern Europe Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Estonia Ethiopia Europe Fiji Finland France French Guiana French Polynesia Gabon Gambia Georgia Germany Ghana Greece Grenada Guadeloupe Guam Guatemala Guinea Guinea-Bissau Guyana Haiti Honduras Hungary Iceland India Indonesia Iran (Islamic Republic of) Iraq Ireland Israel Italy Jamaica Japan Jordan Kazakhstan Kenya Kiribati Kuwait Kyrgyzstan Lao People's Democratic Republic Latin America and the Caribbean Latvia Least developed countries Lebanon Lesotho Less developed regions Less developed regions, excluding China Less developed regions, excluding least developed countries Liberia Libya Lithuania Luxembourg Madagascar Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali Malta Martinique Mauritania Mauritius Mayotte Melanesia Mexico Micronesia Micronesia (Fed. States of) Middle Africa Mongolia Montenegro More developed regions Morocco Mozambique Myanmar Namibia Nepal Netherlands New Caledonia New Zealand Nicaragua Niger Nigeria Northern Africa Northern America Northern Europe Norway Oceania Oman Other non-specified areas Pakistan Panama Papua New Guinea Paraguay Peru Philippines Poland Polynesia Portugal Puerto Rico Qatar Republic of Korea Republic of Moldova Romania Russian Federation Rwanda Réunion Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Samoa Sao Tome and Principe Saudi Arabia Senegal Serbia Seychelles Sierra Leone Singapore Slovakia Slovenia Solomon Islands Somalia South Africa South America South Sudan South-Central Asia South-Eastern Asia Southern Africa Southern Asia Southern Europe Spain Sri Lanka State of Palestine Sub-Saharan Africa Sudan Suriname Swaziland Sweden Switzerland Syrian Arab Republic TFYR Macedonia Tajikistan Thailand Timor-Leste Togo Tonga Trinidad and Tobago Tunisia Turkey Turkmenistan Uganda Ukraine United Arab Emirates United Kingdom United Republic of Tanzania United States Virgin Islands United States of America Uruguay Uzbekistan Vanuatu Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Viet Nam Western Africa Western Asia Western Europe Western Sahara World Yemen Zambia Zimbabwe
2019
Population: 3,232,113

Year

-5 -1   2019  +1 +5

Country

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z
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Summary

Mongolia in 2019

In 2019, Mongolia had a total population of 3,232,113 people. A decade earlier, in 2009, the population was 2,665,326; it has grown by 21.3% since.

With a median age of 27.2 years, Mongolia had a youth dependency ratio of 50.9 and an old-age dependency ratio of 6.6 per 100 people of working age. The pyramid is expansive: its wide base of young cohorts reflects high fertility and a rapidly growing population.

Ranks #136 of 201 by population Ranks #120 of 201 by median age Ranks #66 of 201 by growth

Share of the population by age group, 1950–2100

Data source: United Nations World Population Prospects, 2024 revision (medium variant) — last updated July 2024.

Key indicators for Mongolia
Population
3,232,113
Median age
27.2
0-14 %
32.3%
65+ %
4.2%
Child dependency
50.9
Old-age dependency
6.6
Region
ASIA
Pyramid shape
Expansive
Population 2050
4,501,493
Population 2100
5,519,345
What is driving the change
Births per woman
Total fertility rate, 1960–2023
12345678
1960Replacement level (2.1)2023 · 2.7

The fertility rate of Mongolia was 2.70 births per woman in 2023, above the 2.1 needed to replace each generation.

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, latest available year.

Life expectancy at birth
Years, 1960–2023
Total Women Men
304050607080
19602023 · 72.1

Life expectancy at birth was 72.1 years in 2023: 76.8 for women and 67.6 for men.

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, latest available year.

People supported per 100 workers
Dependency ratios, 1950–2100
Children Older adults
255075100
19502100
Migration to and from Mongolia
Where immigrants come from (2024)

21,818 immigrants live in Mongolia, 0.6% of the population.

China12,085
Russian Federation3,420
Republic of Korea2,103
United States of America906
Dem. People's Republic of Korea718
Where emigrants live (2024)

175,596 people born in Mongolia live in other countries.

Kazakhstan75,801
Republic of Korea45,698
Japan20,179
Australia11,188
Sweden6,866
Explore
Immigration statistics Origin of migrant stocks map

Source: United Nations International Migrant Stock 2024.

How Mongolia compares with its neighbours
Country Population Median age Relative size
Mongolia 3,232,114 27.2
China, Macao SAR 670,974 37.9
China, Hong Kong SAR 7,485,813 44.8
Taiwan 23,674,138 42.2
Dem. People's Republic of Korea 26,037,633 36.2
Frequently asked questions about Mongolia's population
What was the population of Mongolia in 2019?
In 2019, Mongolia's population was 3,232,113.
Is Mongolia's population growing or shrinking?
Yes, growing: up 21.3% from 2009, with a projected population of 4,501,493 in 2050.
What is the median age in Mongolia?
The median age in Mongolia is 27.2 years — half the population is younger, half older.
What share of Mongolia's population is over 65 or under 15?
4.2% of Mongolia's population is 65 or older, and 32.3% is under 15.
What type of population pyramid does Mongolia have?
Mongolia's pyramid is expansive — broad at the bottom, the signature of high birth rates and a growing population.

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