Population Pyramids of the World from 1950 to 2100

Poland Population Pyramid 1990

Poland
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1990
Population: 38,055,455

Year

-5 -1   1990  +1 +5

Country

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z
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Summary

Poland in 1990

As of 1990, Poland counted 38,055,455 inhabitants. A decade earlier, in 1980, the population was 35,576,519; it has grown by 7.0% since.

The median age was 32.4 years, and for every 100 people of working age (15–64) there were 38.5 children under 15 and 15.6 people aged 65 or over. The pyramid is expansive: its wide base of young cohorts reflects high fertility and a rapidly growing population.

Ranks #28 of 201 by population Ranks #35 of 201 by median age Ranks #157 of 201 by growth

Share of the population by age group, 1950–2100

Data source: United Nations World Population Prospects, 2024 revision (medium variant) — last updated July 2024.

Key indicators for Poland
Population
38,055,455
Median age
32.4
0-14 %
25.0%
65+ %
10.1%
Child dependency
38.5
Old-age dependency
15.6
Region
EUROPE
Pyramid shape
Expansive
Population 2050
32,814,097
Population 2100
19,329,839
What is driving the change
Births per woman
Total fertility rate, 1960–2023
123
1960Replacement level (2.1)2023 · 1.16

In 2023 women in Poland had on average 1.16 children, below the replacement level of 2.1.

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, latest available year.

Life expectancy at birth
Years, 1960–2023
Total Women Men
60708090
19602023 · 78.5

Life expectancy at birth was 78.5 years in 2023: 82.4 for women and 74.8 for men.

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, latest available year.

People supported per 100 workers
Dependency ratios, 1950–2100
Children Older adults
20406080
19502100
Migration to and from Poland
Where immigrants come from (2024)

1,729,533 immigrants live in Poland, 4.5% of the population.

Ukraine1,102,774
United Kingdom184,964
Germany86,793
Belarus56,258
Ireland34,300
Where emigrants live (2024)

4,572,276 people born in Poland live in other countries.

Germany1,883,559
United Kingdom902,193
United States of America396,647
Netherlands210,981
Canada123,819
Explore
Immigration statistics Origin of migrant stocks map

Source: United Nations International Migrant Stock 2024.

How Poland compares with its neighbours
Country Population Median age Relative size
Poland 38,055,455 32.4
Ukraine 52,054,093 34.3
Romania 22,939,530 33.0
Hungary 10,381,281 36.5
Czech Republic 10,301,989 35.2
Frequently asked questions about Poland's population
How many people lived in Poland in 1990?
In 1990, Poland's population was 38,055,455.
Is the population of Poland increasing or decreasing?
Yes, growing: up 7.0% from 1980, with a projected population of 32,814,097 in 2050.
What is the median age in Poland?
Poland's median age is 32.4 years.
What share of Poland's population is over 65 or under 15?
In Poland, 25.0% of people are under 15 and 10.1% are 65 or older.
What shape is Poland's population pyramid, and what does it mean?
Poland has an expansive pyramid: a wide base of young cohorts reflecting high fertility and continued population growth.

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