Population Pyramids of the World from 1950 to 2100

Poland Population Pyramid 2028

Poland
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2028
Population: 37,538,256

Year

-5 -1   2028  +1 +5

Country

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z
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Summary

Poland in 2028

By 2028, the population of Poland is expected to reach 37,538,256. Compared with 2018, when the projection stands at 38,241,071, that represents a decline of 1.8% over ten years.

With a projected median age of 45.0 years, Poland would have a youth dependency ratio of 21.0 and an old-age dependency ratio of 34.1 per 100 people of working age. The pyramid is constrictive: cohorts of children are smaller than those of their parents, reflecting low fertility and an ageing population.

Ranks #44 of 201 by population Ranks #24 of 201 by median age Ranks #173 of 201 by growth

Share of the population by age group, 1950–2100

Data source: United Nations World Population Prospects, 2024 revision (medium variant) — last updated July 2024.

Key indicators for Poland
Population
37,538,256
Median age
45.0
0-14 %
13.5%
65+ %
22.0%
Child dependency
21.0
Old-age dependency
34.1
Region
EUROPE
Pyramid shape
Constrictive
Population 2050
32,814,097
Population 2100
19,329,839
What is driving the change
Births per woman
Total fertility rate, 1960–2023
123
1960Replacement level (2.1)2023 · 1.16

In 2023 women in Poland had on average 1.16 children, below the replacement level of 2.1.

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, latest available year.

Life expectancy at birth
Years, 1960–2023
Total Women Men
60708090
19602023 · 78.5

Life expectancy at birth was 78.5 years in 2023: 82.4 for women and 74.8 for men.

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, latest available year.

People supported per 100 workers
Dependency ratios, 1950–2100
Children Older adults
20406080
19502100
Migration to and from Poland
Where immigrants come from (2024)

1,729,533 immigrants live in Poland, 4.5% of the population.

Ukraine1,102,774
United Kingdom184,964
Germany86,793
Belarus56,258
Ireland34,300
Where emigrants live (2024)

4,572,276 people born in Poland live in other countries.

Germany1,883,559
United Kingdom902,193
United States of America396,647
Netherlands210,981
Canada123,819
Explore
Immigration statistics Origin of migrant stocks map

Source: United Nations International Migrant Stock 2024.

How Poland compares with its neighbours
Country Population Median age Relative size
Poland 37,538,257 45.0
Ukraine 38,952,091 43.8
Romania 18,581,890 44.8
Czech Republic 10,481,069 45.8
Hungary 9,519,888 45.4
Frequently asked questions about Poland's population
How many people are projected to live in Poland in 2028?
Poland is projected to have a population of 37,538,256 in 2028.
Is the population of Poland increasing or decreasing?
Yes, shrinking: down 1.8% from 2018, with a projected population of 32,814,097 in 2050.
What is the median age in Poland?
The median age in Poland is 45.0 years — half the population is younger, half older.
How many children and older people live in Poland?
In Poland, 13.5% of people are under 15 and 22.0% are 65 or older.
What shape is Poland's population pyramid, and what does it mean?
Poland has a constrictive pyramid: cohorts of children are smaller than those of their parents, reflecting low fertility and an ageing population.

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