Population Pyramids of the World from 1950 to 2100

Poland Population Pyramid 2031

Poland
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2031
Population: 37,018,012

Year

-5 -1   2031  +1 +5

Country

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z
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Summary

Poland in 2031

In 2031, Poland is projected to have a population of 37,018,013 people. That would be 2.7% less than in 2021 (38,040,302).

With a projected median age of 46.5 years, Poland would have a youth dependency ratio of 19.6 and an old-age dependency ratio of 35.3 per 100 people of working age. The pyramid is constrictive: cohorts of children are smaller than those of their parents, reflecting low fertility and an ageing population.

Ranks #49 of 201 by population Ranks #20 of 201 by median age Ranks #174 of 201 by growth

Share of the population by age group, 1950–2100

Data source: United Nations World Population Prospects, 2024 revision (medium variant) — last updated July 2024.

Key indicators for Poland
Population
37,018,013
Median age
46.5
0-14 %
12.7%
65+ %
22.8%
Child dependency
19.6
Old-age dependency
35.3
Region
EUROPE
Pyramid shape
Constrictive
Population 2050
32,814,097
Population 2100
19,329,839
What is driving the change
Births per woman
Total fertility rate, 1960–2023
123
1960Replacement level (2.1)2023 · 1.16

In 2023 women in Poland had on average 1.16 children, below the replacement level of 2.1.

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, latest available year.

Life expectancy at birth
Years, 1960–2023
Total Women Men
60708090
19602023 · 78.5

Life expectancy at birth was 78.5 years in 2023: 82.4 for women and 74.8 for men.

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, latest available year.

People supported per 100 workers
Dependency ratios, 1950–2100
Children Older adults
20406080
19502100
Migration to and from Poland
Where immigrants come from (2024)

1,729,533 immigrants live in Poland, 4.5% of the population.

Ukraine1,102,774
United Kingdom184,964
Germany86,793
Belarus56,258
Ireland34,300
Where emigrants live (2024)

4,572,276 people born in Poland live in other countries.

Germany1,883,559
United Kingdom902,193
United States of America396,647
Netherlands210,981
Canada123,819
Explore
Immigration statistics Origin of migrant stocks map

Source: United Nations International Migrant Stock 2024.

How Poland compares with its neighbours
Country Population Median age Relative size
Poland 37,018,013 46.5
Ukraine 38,050,627 45.2
Romania 18,247,763 45.4
Czech Republic 10,394,938 46.6
Hungary 9,412,406 45.8
Frequently asked questions about Poland's population
What will the population of Poland be in 2031?
UN projections put Poland's population at 37,018,013 in 2031.
Is the population of Poland increasing or decreasing?
Yes, shrinking: down 2.7% from 2021, with a projected population of 32,814,097 in 2050.
How old is the population of Poland?
The median age in Poland is 46.5 years — half the population is younger, half older.
What share of Poland's population is over 65 or under 15?
In Poland, 12.7% of people are under 15 and 22.8% are 65 or older.
What type of population pyramid does Poland have?
Poland has a constrictive pyramid: cohorts of children are smaller than those of their parents, reflecting low fertility and an ageing population.

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