Population Pyramids of the World from 1950 to 2100

Romania Population Pyramid 2031

Romania
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2031
Population: 18,247,762

Year

-5 -1   2031  +1 +5

Country

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z
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Summary

Romania in 2031

United Nations projections (medium variant) put the population of Romania at 18,247,763 in 2031. That would be 5.2% less than in 2021 (19,248,161).

Half of the population would be younger than 45.4 years, with 14.9% children under 15 and 20.4% aged 65 or older. This is a constrictive pyramid — its base is narrower than its middle, the signature of sustained low birth rates and population ageing.

Ranks #74 of 201 by population Ranks #29 of 201 by median age Ranks #185 of 201 by growth

Share of the population by age group, 1950–2100

Data source: United Nations World Population Prospects, 2024 revision (medium variant) — last updated July 2024.

Key indicators for Romania
Population
18,247,763
Median age
45.4
0-14 %
14.9%
65+ %
20.4%
Child dependency
23.0
Old-age dependency
31.5
Region
EUROPE
Pyramid shape
Constrictive
Population 2050
16,027,267
Population 2100
10,768,185
What is driving the change
Births per woman
Total fertility rate, 1960–2023
1234
1960Replacement level (2.1)2023 · 1.71

The fertility rate of Romania was 1.71 births per woman in 2023, under the 2.1 needed to replace each generation.

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, latest available year.

Life expectancy at birth
Years, 1960–2023
Total Women Men
60708090
19602023 · 76.6

Life expectancy at birth was 76.6 years in 2023: 80.5 for women and 72.9 for men.

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, latest available year.

People supported per 100 workers
Dependency ratios, 1950–2100
Children Older adults
18355270
19502100
Migration to and from Romania
Where immigrants come from (2024)

584,030 immigrants live in Romania, 3.1% of the population.

Ukraine182,364
Italy87,680
Spain85,101
Republic of Moldova80,610
United Kingdom48,738
Where emigrants live (2024)

4,583,201 people born in Romania live in other countries.

Germany968,697
Italy880,402
United Kingdom713,578
Spain522,578
Hungary253,045
Explore
Immigration statistics Origin of migrant stocks map

Source: United Nations International Migrant Stock 2024.

How Romania compares with its neighbours
Country Population Median age Relative size
Romania 18,247,763 45.4
Czech Republic 10,394,938 46.6
Hungary 9,412,406 45.8
Belarus 8,624,458 45.0
Bulgaria 6,403,153 47.2
Frequently asked questions about Romania's population
How many people are projected to live in Romania in 2031?
UN projections put Romania's population at 18,247,763 in 2031.
Is Romania's population growing or shrinking?
Yes, shrinking: down 5.2% from 2021, with a projected population of 16,027,267 in 2050.
How old is the population of Romania?
The median age in Romania is 45.4 years — half the population is younger, half older.
What share of Romania's population is over 65 or under 15?
In Romania, 14.9% of people are under 15 and 20.4% are 65 or older.
What type of population pyramid does Romania have?
Romania's pyramid is constrictive — narrower at the base than the middle, the signature of sustained low fertility and population ageing.

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