Population Pyramids of the World from 1950 to 2100

Russian Federation Population Pyramid 1978

Russian Federation
Afghanistan Africa Albania Algeria Angola Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Armenia Aruba Asia Australia Australia/New Zealand Austria Azerbaijan Bahamas Bahrain Bangladesh Barbados Belarus Belgium Belize Benin Bhutan Bolivia (Plurinational State of) Bosnia and Herzegovina Botswana Brazil Brunei Darussalam Bulgaria Burkina Faso Burundi Cabo Verde Cambodia Cameroon Canada Caribbean Central African Republic Central America Central Asia Chad Channel Islands Chile China China, Hong Kong SAR China, Macao SAR Colombia Comoros Congo Costa Rica Croatia Cuba Curaçao Cyprus Czech Republic Côte d'Ivoire Dem. People's Republic of Korea Democratic Republic of the Congo Denmark Djibouti Dominican Republic Eastern Africa Eastern Asia Eastern Europe Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Estonia Ethiopia Europe Fiji Finland France French Guiana French Polynesia Gabon Gambia Georgia Germany Ghana Greece Grenada Guadeloupe Guam Guatemala Guinea Guinea-Bissau Guyana Haiti Honduras Hungary Iceland India Indonesia Iran (Islamic Republic of) Iraq Ireland Israel Italy Jamaica Japan Jordan Kazakhstan Kenya Kiribati Kuwait Kyrgyzstan Lao People's Democratic Republic Latin America and the Caribbean Latvia Least developed countries Lebanon Lesotho Less developed regions Less developed regions, excluding China Less developed regions, excluding least developed countries Liberia Libya Lithuania Luxembourg Madagascar Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali Malta Martinique Mauritania Mauritius Mayotte Melanesia Mexico Micronesia Micronesia (Fed. States of) Middle Africa Mongolia Montenegro More developed regions Morocco Mozambique Myanmar Namibia Nepal Netherlands New Caledonia New Zealand Nicaragua Niger Nigeria Northern Africa Northern America Northern Europe Norway Oceania Oman Other non-specified areas Pakistan Panama Papua New Guinea Paraguay Peru Philippines Poland Polynesia Portugal Puerto Rico Qatar Republic of Korea Republic of Moldova Romania Russian Federation Rwanda Réunion Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Samoa Sao Tome and Principe Saudi Arabia Senegal Serbia Seychelles Sierra Leone Singapore Slovakia Slovenia Solomon Islands Somalia South Africa South America South Sudan South-Central Asia South-Eastern Asia Southern Africa Southern Asia Southern Europe Spain Sri Lanka State of Palestine Sub-Saharan Africa Sudan Suriname Swaziland Sweden Switzerland Syrian Arab Republic TFYR Macedonia Tajikistan Thailand Timor-Leste Togo Tonga Trinidad and Tobago Tunisia Turkey Turkmenistan Uganda Ukraine United Arab Emirates United Kingdom United Republic of Tanzania United States Virgin Islands United States of America Uruguay Uzbekistan Vanuatu Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Viet Nam Western Africa Western Asia Western Europe Western Sahara World Yemen Zambia Zimbabwe
1978
Population: 136,979,087

Year

-5 -1   1978  +1 +5

Country

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z
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Summary

Russian Federation in 1978

The population of the Russian Federation in 1978 was 136,979,088. Over the previous ten years the population grew by 6.1%, up from 129,065,040 in 1968.

The median age was 31.0 years, and for every 100 people of working age (15–64) there were 31.9 children under 15 and 14.3 people aged 65 or over. The narrow base of the pyramid marks a constrictive age structure: fertility below replacement level and a rising share of older people.

Ranks #5 of 201 by population Ranks #27 of 201 by median age Ranks #176 of 201 by growth

Share of the population by age group, 1950–2100

Data source: United Nations World Population Prospects, 2024 revision (medium variant) — last updated July 2024.

Key indicators for Russian Federation
Population
136,979,088
Median age
31.0
0-14 %
21.8%
65+ %
9.8%
Child dependency
31.9
Old-age dependency
14.3
Region
EUROPE
Pyramid shape
Constrictive
Population 2050
136,132,775
Population 2100
126,386,516
What is driving the change
Births per woman
Total fertility rate, 1960–2023
123
1960Replacement level (2.1)2023 · 1.41

In 2023 women in the Russian Federation had on average 1.41 children, below the replacement level of 2.1.

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, latest available year.

Life expectancy at birth
Years, 1960–2023
Total Women Men
5060708090
19602023 · 73.3

Life expectancy at birth was 73.3 years in 2023: 78.7 for women and 68.0 for men.

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, latest available year.

People supported per 100 workers
Dependency ratios, 1950–2100
Children Older adults
12253850
19502100
Migration to and from Russian Federation
Where immigrants come from (2024)

7,270,597 immigrants live in Russian Federation, 5.0% of the population.

Ukraine2,872,612
Kazakhstan1,321,004
Uzbekistan778,041
Tajikistan415,676
Armenia340,512
Where emigrants live (2024)

9,133,942 people born in Russian Federation live in other countries.

Ukraine3,375,095
Germany1,137,448
Uzbekistan865,767
Belarus664,610
Kazakhstan552,258
Explore
Immigration statistics Origin of migrant stocks map

Source: United Nations International Migrant Stock 2024.

How Russian Federation compares with its neighbours
Country Population Median age Relative size
Russian Federation 136,979,088 31.0
Ukraine 49,521,244 34.2
Poland 34,934,213 29.1
Romania 21,868,067 31.7
Hungary 10,660,188 34.2
Frequently asked questions about Russian Federation's population
What was the population of the Russian Federation in 1978?
In 1978, the Russian Federation's population was 136,979,088.
Is the Russian Federation's population growing or shrinking?
Yes, growing: up 6.1% from 1968, with a projected population of 136,132,775 in 2050.
What is the median age in the Russian Federation?
The Russian Federation's median age is 31.0 years.
What share of the Russian Federation's population is over 65 or under 15?
9.8% of the Russian Federation's population is 65 or older, and 21.8% is under 15.
What type of population pyramid does the Russian Federation have?
The Russian Federation's pyramid is constrictive — narrower at the base than the middle, the signature of sustained low fertility and population ageing.

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