Population Pyramids of the World from 1950 to 2100

South Africa Population Pyramid 1988

South Africa
Afghanistan Africa Albania Algeria Angola Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Armenia Aruba Asia Australia Australia/New Zealand Austria Azerbaijan Bahamas Bahrain Bangladesh Barbados Belarus Belgium Belize Benin Bhutan Bolivia (Plurinational State of) Bosnia and Herzegovina Botswana Brazil Brunei Darussalam Bulgaria Burkina Faso Burundi Cabo Verde Cambodia Cameroon Canada Caribbean Central African Republic Central America Central Asia Chad Channel Islands Chile China China, Hong Kong SAR China, Macao SAR Colombia Comoros Congo Costa Rica Croatia Cuba Curaçao Cyprus Czech Republic Côte d'Ivoire Dem. People's Republic of Korea Democratic Republic of the Congo Denmark Djibouti Dominican Republic Eastern Africa Eastern Asia Eastern Europe Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Estonia Ethiopia Europe Fiji Finland France French Guiana French Polynesia Gabon Gambia Georgia Germany Ghana Greece Grenada Guadeloupe Guam Guatemala Guinea Guinea-Bissau Guyana Haiti Honduras Hungary Iceland India Indonesia Iran (Islamic Republic of) Iraq Ireland Israel Italy Jamaica Japan Jordan Kazakhstan Kenya Kiribati Kuwait Kyrgyzstan Lao People's Democratic Republic Latin America and the Caribbean Latvia Least developed countries Lebanon Lesotho Less developed regions Less developed regions, excluding China Less developed regions, excluding least developed countries Liberia Libya Lithuania Luxembourg Madagascar Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali Malta Martinique Mauritania Mauritius Mayotte Melanesia Mexico Micronesia Micronesia (Fed. States of) Middle Africa Mongolia Montenegro More developed regions Morocco Mozambique Myanmar Namibia Nepal Netherlands New Caledonia New Zealand Nicaragua Niger Nigeria Northern Africa Northern America Northern Europe Norway Oceania Oman Other non-specified areas Pakistan Panama Papua New Guinea Paraguay Peru Philippines Poland Polynesia Portugal Puerto Rico Qatar Republic of Korea Republic of Moldova Romania Russian Federation Rwanda Réunion Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Samoa Sao Tome and Principe Saudi Arabia Senegal Serbia Seychelles Sierra Leone Singapore Slovakia Slovenia Solomon Islands Somalia South Africa South America South Sudan South-Central Asia South-Eastern Asia Southern Africa Southern Asia Southern Europe Spain Sri Lanka State of Palestine Sub-Saharan Africa Sudan Suriname Swaziland Sweden Switzerland Syrian Arab Republic TFYR Macedonia Tajikistan Thailand Timor-Leste Togo Tonga Trinidad and Tobago Tunisia Turkey Turkmenistan Uganda Ukraine United Arab Emirates United Kingdom United Republic of Tanzania United States Virgin Islands United States of America Uruguay Uzbekistan Vanuatu Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Viet Nam Western Africa Western Asia Western Europe Western Sahara World Yemen Zambia Zimbabwe
1988
Population: 38,480,648

Year

-5 -1   1988  +1 +5

Country

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z
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Summary

South Africa in 1988

The population of South Africa in 1988 was 38,480,648. That is 38.1% more than in 1978, when the population stood at 27,869,508.

With a median age of 20.9 years, South Africa had a youth dependency ratio of 66.6 and an old-age dependency ratio of 6.9 per 100 people of working age. The broad-based, expansive shape of the pyramid points to high fertility and strong population growth.

Ranks #27 of 201 by population Ranks #99 of 201 by median age Ranks #31 of 201 by growth

Share of the population by age group, 1950–2100

Data source: United Nations World Population Prospects, 2024 revision (medium variant) — last updated July 2024.

Key indicators for South Africa
Population
38,480,648
Median age
20.9
0-14 %
38.4%
65+ %
4.0%
Child dependency
66.6
Old-age dependency
6.9
Region
AFRICA
Pyramid shape
Expansive
Population 2050
79,177,328
Population 2100
94,314,448
What is driving the change
Births per woman
Total fertility rate, 1960–2023
1234567
1960Replacement level (2.1)2023 · 2.22

In 2023 women in South Africa had on average 2.22 children, above the replacement level of 2.1.

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, latest available year.

Life expectancy at birth
Years, 1960–2023
Total Women Men
4050607080
19602023 · 66.1

Life expectancy at birth was 66.1 years in 2023: 69.6 for women and 62.6 for men.

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, latest available year.

People supported per 100 workers
Dependency ratios, 1950–2100
Children Older adults
20406080
19502100
Migration to and from South Africa
Where immigrants come from (2024)

2,572,289 immigrants live in South Africa, 4.0% of the population.

Zimbabwe1,072,620
Mozambique412,058
Lesotho237,718
Malawi220,437
Ethiopia104,402
Where emigrants live (2024)

1,004,485 people born in South Africa live in other countries.

United Kingdom245,446
Australia213,447
United States of America161,507
New Zealand101,970
Canada52,600
Explore
Immigration statistics Origin of migrant stocks map

Source: United Nations International Migrant Stock 2024.

How South Africa compares with its neighbours
Country Population Median age Relative size
South Africa 38,480,649 20.9
Lesotho 1,739,841 18.6
Botswana 1,235,477 17.0
Namibia 1,209,696 17.3
Swaziland 799,798 15.6
Frequently asked questions about South Africa's population
What was the population of South Africa in 1988?
South Africa had a population of 38,480,648 in 1988.
Is South Africa's population growing or shrinking?
South Africa's population grew 38.1% over the previous ten years, and is projected to reach 79,177,328 by 2050.
How old is the population of South Africa?
The median age in South Africa is 20.9 years — half the population is younger, half older.
What share of South Africa's population is over 65 or under 15?
In South Africa, 38.4% of people are under 15 and 4.0% are 65 or older.
What type of population pyramid does South Africa have?
South Africa has an expansive pyramid: a wide base of young cohorts reflecting high fertility and continued population growth.

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