Population Pyramids of the World from 1950 to 2100

Spain Population Pyramid 1978

Spain
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1978
Population: 36,904,967

Year

-5 -1   1978  +1 +5

Country

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z
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Summary

Spain in 1978

In 1978, Spain had a total population of 36,904,968 people. Over the previous ten years the population grew by 11.3%, up from 33,170,121 in 1968.

The median age was 30.4 years, and for every 100 people of working age (15–64) there were 42.9 children under 15 and 17.2 people aged 65 or over. The broad-based, expansive shape of the pyramid points to high fertility and strong population growth.

Ranks #24 of 201 by population Ranks #30 of 201 by median age Ranks #151 of 201 by growth

Share of the population by age group, 1950–2100

Data source: United Nations World Population Prospects, 2024 revision (medium variant) — last updated July 2024.

Key indicators for Spain
Population
36,904,968
Median age
30.4
0-14 %
26.8%
65+ %
10.8%
Child dependency
42.9
Old-age dependency
17.2
Region
EUROPE
Pyramid shape
Expansive
Population 2050
44,928,558
Population 2100
33,127,479
What is driving the change
Births per woman
Total fertility rate, 1960–2023
1234
1960Replacement level (2.1)2023 · 1.12

The fertility rate of Spain was 1.12 births per woman in 2023, under the 2.1 needed to replace each generation.

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, latest available year.

Life expectancy at birth
Years, 1960–2023
Total Women Men
60708090
19602023 · 83.9

A child born there in 2023 could expect to live 83.9 years on average (86.7 years for girls, 81.2 for boys).

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, latest available year.

People supported per 100 workers
Dependency ratios, 1950–2100
Children Older adults
20406080
19502100
Migration to and from Spain
Where immigrants come from (2024)

8,305,043 immigrants live in Spain, 17.3% of the population.

Morocco1,088,408
Colombia792,228
Venezuela602,539
Romania522,578
Ecuador432,111
Where emigrants live (2024)

1,597,508 people born in Spain live in other countries.

France254,830
United Kingdom211,894
United States of America168,755
Germany166,899
Romania85,101
Explore
Immigration statistics Origin of migrant stocks map

Source: United Nations International Migrant Stock 2024.

How Spain compares with its neighbours
Country Population Median age Relative size
Spain 36,904,968 30.4
Italy 55,938,966 33.9
Portugal 9,556,395 30.0
Greece 9,389,967 33.9
Serbia 7,716,932 33.5
Frequently asked questions about Spain's population
How many people lived in Spain in 1978?
Spain had a population of 36,904,968 in 1978.
Is the population of Spain increasing or decreasing?
Yes, growing: up 11.3% from 1968, with a projected population of 44,928,558 in 2050.
What is the median age in Spain?
The median age in Spain is 30.4 years — half the population is younger, half older.
How many children and older people live in Spain?
10.8% of Spain's population is 65 or older, and 26.8% is under 15.
What shape is Spain's population pyramid, and what does it mean?
Spain's pyramid is expansive — broad at the bottom, the signature of high birth rates and a growing population.

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