Population Pyramids of the World from 1950 to 2100

Turkmenistan Population Pyramid 1998

Turkmenistan
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1998
Population: 4,410,506

Year

-5 -1   1998  +1 +5

Country

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z
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Summary

Turkmenistan in 1998

The population of Turkmenistan in 1998 was 4,410,506. A decade earlier, in 1988, the population was 3,559,362; it has grown by 23.9% since.

With a median age of 20.3 years, Turkmenistan had a youth dependency ratio of 68.2 and an old-age dependency ratio of 7.0 per 100 people of working age. This is an expansive pyramid — each cohort of children is larger than the one above it, the signature of high birth rates and rapid growth.

Ranks #116 of 201 by population Ranks #124 of 201 by median age Ranks #73 of 201 by growth

Share of the population by age group, 1950–2100

Data source: United Nations World Population Prospects, 2024 revision (medium variant) — last updated July 2024.

Key indicators for Turkmenistan
Population
4,410,506
Median age
20.3
0-14 %
38.9%
65+ %
4.0%
Child dependency
68.2
Old-age dependency
7.0
Region
ASIA
Pyramid shape
Expansive
Population 2050
9,639,708
Population 2100
9,946,598
What is driving the change
Births per woman
Total fertility rate, 1960–2023
1234567
1960Replacement level (2.1)2023 · 2.69

In 2023 women in Turkmenistan had on average 2.69 children, above the replacement level of 2.1.

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, latest available year.

Life expectancy at birth
Years, 1960–2023
Total Women Men
4050607080
19602023 · 70.1

A child born there in 2023 could expect to live 70.1 years on average (72.8 years for girls, 66.9 for boys).

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, latest available year.

People supported per 100 workers
Dependency ratios, 1950–2100
Children Older adults
255075100
19502100
Migration to and from Turkmenistan
Where immigrants come from (2024)

189,691 immigrants live in Turkmenistan, 2.5% of the population.

Russian Federation74,157
Uzbekistan66,605
Kazakhstan19,875
Ukraine7,905
Azerbaijan7,551
Where emigrants live (2024)

365,787 people born in Turkmenistan live in other countries.

Turkey119,955
Kazakhstan117,117
Russian Federation87,585
Ukraine23,286
Belarus5,319
Explore
Immigration statistics Origin of migrant stocks map

Source: United Nations International Migrant Stock 2024.

How Turkmenistan compares with its neighbours
Country Population Median age Relative size
Turkmenistan 4,410,507 20.3
Kyrgyzstan 4,907,791 21.9
Tajikistan 6,176,397 18.0
Kazakhstan 15,647,786 27.1
Uzbekistan 24,134,929 20.9
Frequently asked questions about Turkmenistan's population
What was the population of Turkmenistan in 1998?
Turkmenistan had a population of 4,410,506 in 1998.
Is the population of Turkmenistan increasing or decreasing?
Yes, growing: up 23.9% from 1988, with a projected population of 9,639,708 in 2050.
How old is the population of Turkmenistan?
Turkmenistan's median age is 20.3 years.
How many children and older people live in Turkmenistan?
In Turkmenistan, 38.9% of people are under 15 and 4.0% are 65 or older.
What shape is Turkmenistan's population pyramid, and what does it mean?
Turkmenistan's pyramid is expansive — broad at the bottom, the signature of high birth rates and a growing population.

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