Population Pyramids of the World from 1950 to 2100

Estonia Population Pyramid 2024

Estonia
Afghanistan Africa Albania Algeria Angola Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Armenia Aruba Asia Australia Australia/New Zealand Austria Azerbaijan Bahamas Bahrain Bangladesh Barbados Belarus Belgium Belize Benin Bhutan Bolivia (Plurinational State of) Bosnia and Herzegovina Botswana Brazil Brunei Darussalam Bulgaria Burkina Faso Burundi Cabo Verde Cambodia Cameroon Canada Caribbean Central African Republic Central America Central Asia Chad Channel Islands Chile China China, Hong Kong SAR China, Macao SAR Colombia Comoros Congo Costa Rica Croatia Cuba Curaçao Cyprus Czech Republic Côte d'Ivoire Dem. People's Republic of Korea Democratic Republic of the Congo Denmark Djibouti Dominican Republic Eastern Africa Eastern Asia Eastern Europe Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Estonia Ethiopia Europe Fiji Finland France French Guiana French Polynesia Gabon Gambia Georgia Germany Ghana Greece Grenada Guadeloupe Guam Guatemala Guinea Guinea-Bissau Guyana Haiti Honduras Hungary Iceland India Indonesia Iran (Islamic Republic of) Iraq Ireland Israel Italy Jamaica Japan Jordan Kazakhstan Kenya Kiribati Kuwait Kyrgyzstan Lao People's Democratic Republic Latin America and the Caribbean Latvia Least developed countries Lebanon Lesotho Less developed regions Less developed regions, excluding China Less developed regions, excluding least developed countries Liberia Libya Lithuania Luxembourg Madagascar Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali Malta Martinique Mauritania Mauritius Mayotte Melanesia Mexico Micronesia Micronesia (Fed. States of) Middle Africa Mongolia Montenegro More developed regions Morocco Mozambique Myanmar Namibia Nepal Netherlands New Caledonia New Zealand Nicaragua Niger Nigeria Northern Africa Northern America Northern Europe Norway Oceania Oman Other non-specified areas Pakistan Panama Papua New Guinea Paraguay Peru Philippines Poland Polynesia Portugal Puerto Rico Qatar Republic of Korea Republic of Moldova Romania Russian Federation Rwanda Réunion Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Samoa Sao Tome and Principe Saudi Arabia Senegal Serbia Seychelles Sierra Leone Singapore Slovakia Slovenia Solomon Islands Somalia South Africa South America South Sudan South-Central Asia South-Eastern Asia Southern Africa Southern Asia Southern Europe Spain Sri Lanka State of Palestine Sub-Saharan Africa Sudan Suriname Swaziland Sweden Switzerland Syrian Arab Republic TFYR Macedonia Tajikistan Thailand Timor-Leste Togo Tonga Trinidad and Tobago Tunisia Turkey Turkmenistan Uganda Ukraine United Arab Emirates United Kingdom United Republic of Tanzania United States Virgin Islands United States of America Uruguay Uzbekistan Vanuatu Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Viet Nam Western Africa Western Asia Western Europe Western Sahara World Yemen Zambia Zimbabwe
2024
Population: 1,360,545

Year

-5 -1   2024  +1 +5

Country

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z
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Summary

Estonia in 2024

In 2024, Estonia had a total population of 1,360,546 people. That is 3.5% more than in 2014, when the population stood at 1,314,452.

Half of the population was younger than 43.3 years; 15.6% were children under 15 and 21.3% were 65 or older. The narrow base of the pyramid marks a constrictive age structure: fertility below replacement level and a rising share of older people.

Ranks #156 of 201 by population Ranks #27 of 201 by median age Ranks #147 of 201 by growth

Share of the population by age group, 1950–2100

Data source: United Nations World Population Prospects, 2024 revision (medium variant) — last updated July 2024.

Key indicators for Estonia
Population
1,360,546
Median age
43.3
0-14 %
15.6%
65+ %
21.3%
Child dependency
24.8
Old-age dependency
33.8
Region
EUROPE
Pyramid shape
Constrictive
Population 2050
1,174,268
Population 2100
825,503
What is driving the change
Births per woman
Total fertility rate, 1960–2023
123
1960Replacement level (2.1)2023 · 1.31

The fertility rate of Estonia was 1.31 births per woman in 2023, under the 2.1 needed to replace each generation.

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, latest available year.

Life expectancy at birth
Years, 1960–2023
Total Women Men
5060708090
19602023 · 78.5

Life expectancy at birth was 78.5 years in 2023: 83.1 for women and 74.1 for men.

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, latest available year.

People supported per 100 workers
Dependency ratios, 1950–2100
Children Older adults
18355270
19502100
Migration to and from Estonia
Where immigrants come from (2024)

203,017 immigrants live in Estonia, 14.9% of the population.

Russian Federation121,354
Ukraine24,628
Belarus10,721
Latvia6,143
Finland6,040
Where emigrants live (2024)

124,215 people born in Estonia live in other countries.

Finland55,655
Russian Federation24,906
Ukraine10,531
Sweden9,461
Norway5,273
Explore
Immigration statistics Origin of migrant stocks map

Source: United Nations International Migrant Stock 2024.

How Estonia compares with its neighbours
Country Population Median age Relative size
Estonia 1,360,546 43.3
Latvia 1,871,872 44.3
Iceland 393,396 37.1
Lithuania 2,859,110 43.1
Ireland 5,255,018 39.7
Frequently asked questions about Estonia's population
How many people lived in Estonia in 2024?
Estonia had a population of 1,360,546 in 2024.
Is the population of Estonia increasing or decreasing?
Estonia's population grew 3.5% over the previous ten years, and is projected to reach 1,174,268 by 2050.
What is the median age in Estonia?
Estonia's median age is 43.3 years.
What share of Estonia's population is over 65 or under 15?
In Estonia, 15.6% of people are under 15 and 21.3% are 65 or older.
What type of population pyramid does Estonia have?
Estonia's pyramid is constrictive — narrower at the base than the middle, the signature of sustained low fertility and population ageing.

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