Population Pyramids of the World from 1950 to 2100

Mongolia Population Pyramid 1980

Mongolia
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1980
Population: 1,701,335

Year

-5 -1   1980  +1 +5

Country

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z
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Summary

Mongolia in 1980

In 1980, Mongolia had a total population of 1,701,336 people. Over the previous ten years the population grew by 31.3%, up from 1,295,271 in 1970.

The median age was 17.7 years, and for every 100 people of working age (15–64) there were 84.8 children under 15 and 9.3 people aged 65 or over. This is an expansive pyramid — each cohort of children is larger than the one above it, the signature of high birth rates and rapid growth.

Ranks #138 of 201 by population Ranks #141 of 201 by median age Ranks #63 of 201 by growth

Share of the population by age group, 1950–2100

Data source: United Nations World Population Prospects, 2024 revision (medium variant) — last updated July 2024.

Key indicators for Mongolia
Population
1,701,336
Median age
17.7
0-14 %
43.7%
65+ %
4.8%
Child dependency
84.8
Old-age dependency
9.3
Region
ASIA
Pyramid shape
Expansive
Population 2050
4,501,493
Population 2100
5,519,345
What is driving the change
Births per woman
Total fertility rate, 1960–2023
12345678
1960Replacement level (2.1)2023 · 2.7

The fertility rate of Mongolia was 2.70 births per woman in 2023, above the 2.1 needed to replace each generation.

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, latest available year.

Life expectancy at birth
Years, 1960–2023
Total Women Men
304050607080
19602023 · 72.1

Life expectancy at birth was 72.1 years in 2023: 76.8 for women and 67.6 for men.

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, latest available year.

People supported per 100 workers
Dependency ratios, 1950–2100
Children Older adults
255075100
19502100
Migration to and from Mongolia
Where immigrants come from (2024)

21,818 immigrants live in Mongolia, 0.6% of the population.

China12,085
Russian Federation3,420
Republic of Korea2,103
United States of America906
Dem. People's Republic of Korea718
Where emigrants live (2024)

175,596 people born in Mongolia live in other countries.

Kazakhstan75,801
Republic of Korea45,698
Japan20,179
Australia11,188
Sweden6,866
Explore
Immigration statistics Origin of migrant stocks map

Source: United Nations International Migrant Stock 2024.

How Mongolia compares with its neighbours
Country Population Median age Relative size
Mongolia 1,701,336 17.7
China, Macao SAR 246,097 24.4
China, Hong Kong SAR 4,962,484 25.6
Taiwan 18,086,521 22.7
Dem. People's Republic of Korea 18,236,787 22.5
Frequently asked questions about Mongolia's population
How many people lived in Mongolia in 1980?
Mongolia had a population of 1,701,336 in 1980.
Is Mongolia's population growing or shrinking?
Yes, growing: up 31.3% from 1970, with a projected population of 4,501,493 in 2050.
What is the median age in Mongolia?
The median age in Mongolia is 17.7 years — half the population is younger, half older.
How many children and older people live in Mongolia?
4.8% of Mongolia's population is 65 or older, and 43.7% is under 15.
What type of population pyramid does Mongolia have?
Mongolia's pyramid is expansive — broad at the bottom, the signature of high birth rates and a growing population.

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